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Medicina & Laboratorio

2017, Number 01-02

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2017; 23 (01-02)

Phenotypic detection of methicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. isolates from a hospital in Valledupar (Colombia)

Morales-Parra GI, Yaneth-Giovanetti MC, Zuleta-Hernández AB, Núñez-Carrillo ML

Language: Spanish
References: 35
Page: 65-74
PDF size: 549.85 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Infections by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus spp. are associated with increased morbidity-mortality of affected patients. Objective: To characterize resistance phenotypes to methicillin, macrolides, and lincosamides of 50 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus spp. from patients of a hospital in the city of Valledupar (Colombia). Materials and methods: Methicillin, erythromycin, and clindamycin susceptibility tests were performed by agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Agar dilution technique was used to determine methicillin resistance and double-disk diffusion method (D-Test) to evaluate the inducible clindamycin resistance. Results: Staphylococcus spp. isolates were obtained most frequently from injuries (58%) and urine (12%) and from areas of external consultation (40%), surgery (24%), and emergency (10%). Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 68%, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (14%), Staphylococcus lugdunensis (8%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (4%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (4%), and Staphylococcus hominis (2%). Methicillin resistance was found in 36% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 8% of coagulase-negative staphylococci. A total of five resistance phenotypes were observed being the clinical phenotype sensitive to erythromycin and clindamycin the most frequent (54%) followed by the resistance phenotype to both antibiotics (14%). Inducible clindamycin resistance was 12%, finding in 8% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 4% of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. Conclusions: D-test is essential to detect the phenotype of inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus spp. isolates and to avoid its administration facing imminent treatment failure.


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