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Revista Médica Sinergia

2020, Number 07

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Revista Médica Sinergia 2020; 5 (07)

Clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of malignant hyperthermia

Carranza ZAJ, Mora SV, Esteban VV

Language: Spanish
References: 16
Page: 1-10
PDF size: 125.59 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Malignant hyperthermia is an autosomal dominant syndromic disease, associated with the rianodine gene mutation, secondary to an idiosyncratic reaction to the exposure of anesthetic drugs such as neuromuscular blockers and halogenated agents. There is a predisposition for male sex at all ages. The pathophysiology is based on a movement of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol, which produces a persistent contraction in the muscle cell, anaerobic metabolism, loss of homeostasis and cell death. Sinus tachycardia, masseter muscle spasm, mixed acidosis, tachypnea, hypercarbia and arrhythmias are early clinical signs. The diagnosis is based on the halothane-caffeine contracture test, genetic tests and the Bandschapp clinical suspicion scale. dantrolene is considered the pharmacological pillar for the treatment of this pathology.


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