Galindo SJA, León LME, Fuentes AMT, Maya PE

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 1382-1397
PDF size: 298.93 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Throughout the 20th century, quantitative approach determined the praxis of the scientific psychologist, which was indispensable - at the time - for Psychology to officially enter the domain of the Sciences. Qualitative psychological path, meanwhile, began instrumentally in the late XIXth and was strengthened in the 20th century with a preference for Phenomenology. Psychology found strength in the intention of understanding and not atheoretical descriptions, which predominated in the quantitative approach. It was established that even a single subject was enough to produce scientific knowledge (case study). Subjectivity rebelled against statistical standards, paying the price of not being able to generalize or formulate universal laws. For the specific case of the disengagement of the elderly as a study phenomenon, the quantitative biomedical vision was implicated in the consequent rejection and denial of aging. Stereotypes were promoted by pharmaceutical companies: standardizing long lives was reduced to pathologizing and sentencing them to decadent death. On the other hand, from the qualitative point of view, it was avoided to equate the life, development, cognitive and emotional state of older adults in distant contextual and biographical situations. Attention was given to elder human being discourses, as someone with the ability to think and talk about himself, with which he could build models from social actions and experiences of the elderly. Narrative, for example, allowed them to give active meaning to their lives, to be less disconnected, to generate as many theories as subjects and therefore, to enrich the understanding of the phenomenon, by feeding back narratives, building new responsibilities, accepting the complexity of reality and the value of the subject facing the science that studies him. It is therefore essential that we value the qualitative approach in the study of the elderly.

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