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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2020, Number 6

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Med Int Mex 2020; 36 (6)

Diagnostic approach of the patients with cognitive deterioration in the first level of care

Choreńo-Parra JA, De la Rosa-Arredondo T, Guadarrama-Ortíz P

Language: Spanish
References: 48
Page: 807-824
PDF size: 259.47 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Dementia is a neurological disorder of increasingly frequency due to the demographic and epidemiological transition that the world population is going through. This disorder generates a decrease in the functional capacity of affected individuals, impacting their independence and quality of life. Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia are the main causes of cognitive decline; however, a wide spectrum of potentially reversible neurological and systemic disorders may also be related. The timely diagnosis allows the patient to receive a treatment that delays or stops the evolution of the disease. Thus, family physicians play a particularly important role as they are the first link in the chain of procedures aimed to confirm the presence of cognitive impairment, assessing its severity and referring the patient for specialized management. This remarks the need for the family physician to be well informed about the clinical characteristics and diagnostic tools useful in the approach to a patient with decreased cognitive function. Therefore, the aim of this article is to provide the necessary information to facilitate this process through a review of the most relevant clinical aspects for the diagnosis of dementias in the first level of care.


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