González GJR, Santos MM, Batista BS, Ojeda RY, Peña ZR

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page:
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ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cardiovascular rehabilitation programs are one of the most effective tools for secondary prevention in patients after having suffered an acute myocardial infarction. Objective: To characterize cardiac rehabilitation in the stage of convalescence in patients after acute myocardial infarction.
Method: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the Cardiology Service of the General Teaching Hospital ―Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna ‖from Las Tunas between June 2016 and December 2017. The universe consisted of all patients discharged with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction referred to rehabilitation. The sample was established by the 55 patients who were able to collect all the variables of the study. Descriptive statistics were used through percentage analysis and arithmetic mean for quantitative variables.
Results: 83.7% were male. The average age was 55 + 8 years. Arterial hypertension was present in 96.4%, while 58.2% of patients were overweight and / or obese. 80% of patients admitted to cardiac rehabilitation presented KK I during hospital admission. 98.2% were treated with platelet antiaggregants, 96.4% with statins and 95.4% with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Only 9.1% had severe risk prior to the start of rehabilitation. At the end of the convalescence phase, the average of the cholesterol values (4.1 vs. 3.9), triglycerides (1.6 vs. 1.2) and the average of the body mass index (26.7 vs. 25, are reduced). 3), as well as the number of positive ergometries. A higher heart rate is reached (128 + 10 vs 135 + 9), systolic blood pressure (144 + 15 vs. 159 + 10), and double product (18320 vs. 21510) at the end of rehabilitation. In 94.6% there were no complications.
Conclusions: At the end of the convalescence phase, the average of cholesterol, triglyceride values, the average body mass index, as well as the number of positive ergometries is reduced. It is possible to improve the functional capacity and hemodynamics to physical exertion, with low percentages of complications during rehabilitation.

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