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2019, Number S1

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Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc 2019; 25 (S1)

Pre-hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction. Associated Variables

Ochoa MLA, González LM, Tamayo VND, Araujo GRE, Santos MM

Language: Spanish
References: 44
Page:
PDF size: 824.97 Kb.


ABSTRACT

In acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation (IAMCEST), the time elapsed between the onset of symptoms until the application of treatment is inversely proportional to the amount of myocardium recovered and consequently to the number of lives saved, which makes the pre-hospital phase, the most critical and at the same time the best opportunity in the treatment of patients.
Mortality is determined by the total time of ischemia in the patient, in which variables that depend on the patient and on the care system are grouped.
Minimize the time it takes for the patient to identify their symptoms and, consequently, request medical assistance, the early arrival of a well-equipped ambulance, with trained personnel capable of making the diagnosis at the site of the first contact, the application of initial pharmacological treatment and the transfer of the patient to an appropriate cardiac assistance center to receive reperfusion therapy, should be the pillars of care at this initial stage.
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the treatment of choice, but thrombolysis followed by coronary angiography and possibly PCI constitutes a valid alternative, depending on the patient's initial risk, the time elapsed since the onset of symptoms and the associated delay to the PCI.
Reducing the delays dependent on the patient and the system and making possible the selection of cases for reperfusion strategies allows improving the clinical evolution, the prognosis and decrease the mortality of the IAMCEST.


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