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2021, Number 1

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Rev Fac Med UNAM 2021; 64 (1)

Bone: Obesity-Related Disorders

Rico-Rosillo MG, Vega-Robledo GB

Language: Spanish
References: 38
Page: 7-16
PDF size: 272.26 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The bone tissue, previously considered as a mechanical support for structure and movement, has shown an important participation in the homeostasis of the body, including energy metabolism and adipose tissue. Currently, it is considered an endocrine organ that synthesizes regulatory molecules of metabolism called osteokines. At the same time, the adipose tissue, considered as an internal secretion gland, helps to maintain the body energy and produces proteins and molecules such as adipokines, some of which affect the bone directly.
The analysis of bone resorption/formation cycle shows that bone mass is a reflection of the balance between both. When this balance is lost and there is a reduction of bone mass with increased fragility, osteoporosis appears and increases the risk of fracture. One in three women and one in five men over 50 years old have a fracture due to osteoporosis. The interaction between adipose tissue and bone is mediated by cytokines, osteokines and adipokines. Obesity may affect the bone by several mechanisms, among which the inflammatory is included and those induced by cytokines secreted by adipocytes such as leptin and adiponectin which can modify bone metabolism.
Evidence supports the negative effect of obesity on bone health, although studies about it are still contradictory.


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