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Medicina & Laboratorio

2020, Number 4

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2020; 24 (4)

Placental chorioangioma: case report in the Pathology Unit of the San Juan de Dios E.S.E. Hospital in Rionegro-Antioquia

Torres-Correa JE, Sánchez-Montoya MA, Sandoval-Sánchez J, Castro-Álvarez JF

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 325-332
PDF size: 1215.05 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Among vascular gestational nontrophoblastic tumors, chorioangioma is the most common. It is characterized by an exaggerated proliferation of vascular structures, with endothelial cells and chorionic villi that generate abnormalities of both arterial and venous blood vessels. It has an incidence of less than 1%, with perinatal mortality rates between 18% to 40%. We present the case of a 21-year-old patient without previous prenatal controls, with a placental chorioangioma diagnosed at 26 weeks of gestation that formed a 7 cm accessory lobe, with positive staining during immunohistochemical analysis for smooth anti-muscle antibodies and CD34, and negative for Ki67. The placental chorioangioma triggered complications during pregnancy, with preterm delivery, hydrops fetalis, and intrauterine growth retardation leading to fetal death. The lack of prenatal control in our patient prevented an early detection of placental abnormalities with a fatal outcome for the fetus. Adequate prenatal control with ultrasound monitoring can avoid fatal events such as the one presented. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the placenta can help identify cases and contribute to incidence and mortality statistics.


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