Table 2: Major clinical studies evaluating influenza vaccination

and cardiovascular outcomes.

Study

Population

Study design

Key findings

IAMI trial

Post-myocardial

infarction

Randomized

clinical trial

↓ Cardiovascular

mortality and

↓ MACE

IVVE trial

Heart

failure

Randomized

clinical trial

↓ Hospitalizations

PANDA II

Acute

heart failure

Cluster

randomized

trial

↓ Cardiovascular

events

Udell et al.

Cardiovascular

disease

Meta-analysis

↓ Major

cardiovascular

events