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Table 1: Clinical signs of vascular trauma. |
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Hard signs |
Pulsatile and/or massive bleeding |
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Pulsatile or expansive hematom |
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Thrill or murmur |
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Distal ischemia |
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Pain |
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Pallolr |
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Paralysis |
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Paresthesias |
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Decreased pulse |
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Distal coldness |
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History of bleeding prior to admission |
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Palpable but diminished pulse |
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Moderate hematoma |
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Proximity to large vessels or bone injury |
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Ipsilateral neurological deficit |
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