|
Table 2: General graph of factors. |
|||
|
Factors |
Group 1. Conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy (N = 35) n (%) |
Group 2. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (N = 327) n (%) |
p |
|
Age (mean) [years] |
47.40 |
38.40 |
0.324 |
|
Age > 65 years |
8 (22.80) |
72 (22.02) |
0.003 |
|
Female |
28 (80) |
255 (77.98) |
0.008 |
|
Male |
7 (20) |
72 (22.02) |
0.168 |
|
Nutritional status |
|||
|
Malnutrition |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Normal |
13 (37.14) |
141 (43.12) |
0.06 |
|
Overweight |
14 (40) |
137(41.90) |
0.005 |
|
Obesity grade I |
4 (11.40) |
31 (9.40) |
0.135 |
|
Obesity grade II |
3(8.50) |
15 (4.50) |
0.139 |
|
Obesity grade III |
0 |
1 (0.41) |
0.864 |
|
Wall thickness > 4 mm per USG |
11 (31.40) |
81 (24.80) |
0.389 |
|
The image on the double rail by USG |
9 (25.70) |
58 (17.70) |
0.2433 |
|
CRP > 10 mg/dl |
23 (65.70) |
39 (11.90) |
0.0001 |
|
Leukocytes > 10,000/mm3 |
25 (71.40) |
43 (13.10) |
0.0001 |
|
Bilirubin > 2 mg/dl |
4 (11.40) |
10 (2.50) |
0.0146 |
|
History of ERCP |
5 (14.29) |
23 (7.03) |
0.1269 |
|
Transoperative risk factors |
|||
|
Surgeon in training |
23 (65.70) |
245 (74.90) |
0.001 |
|
Degree of training |
|||
|
Attending physician |
12 (34.29) |
85 (25.99) |
0.292 |
|
R2 |
2 (5.71) |
36 (11.01) |
0.331 |
|
R3 |
7 (20) |
146 (44.65) |
0.005 |
|
R4 |
14 (40) |
60 (18.35) |
0.002 |
|
Shift time |
|||
|
Morning |
26 (74.29) |
191 (58.41) |
0.068 |
|
Evening |
8 (22.86) |
118 (36.09) |
0.118 |
|
Night |
1 (2.86) |
11 (3.36) |
0.863 |
|
Weekend |
0 |
7 (2.14) |
0 |
|
Anatomical variant |
16 (45.71) |
127 (38.83) |
0.154 |
|
Hemorrhage > 200 ml |
16 (45.70) |
25 (7.60) |
0.4788 |
|
Bile duct injury |
2 (5.70) |
1(0.30) |
0.0008 |
|
Post-surgical complications |
|||
|
Wound infection |
3 (8.70) |
8 (2.40) |
0.0448 |
|
Jaundice |
2 (5.70) |
6 (1.50) |
0.1379 |
|
Days of hospital stay in-hospital, mean |
3.9 |
3.12 |
0.222 |