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Table 1: Characteristics of nystagmus in diagnostic maneuvers. |
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Dix-hallpike8,12 |
Roll test8,12 |
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Semicircular canal affected |
Posterior canal BPPV |
Lateral canal BPPV (canalolitiasis) |
BPPV of the lateral canal (cupulolitiasis) |
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Type of nystagmus |
Upward torsion towards the affected ear |
Geotropic positional |
Apogeotropic |
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Nystagmus latency |
5-20 seconds |
Short |
No latency |
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Duration of nystagmus |
< 1 minute |
< 1 minute |
> 1 minute |
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Nystagmus behavior |
Fatigue when repeating the maneuver |
Increases in intensity and then decreases |
Does not decreased in intensity |
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BPPV = Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. |
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