Table 1: Characteristics of nystagmus in diagnostic maneuvers.

Dix-hallpike8,12

Roll test8,12

Semicircular canal affected

Posterior canal BPPV

Lateral canal BPPV

(canalolitiasis)

BPPV of the lateral canal (cupulolitiasis)

Type of nystagmus

Upward torsion towards the affected ear

Geotropic positional

Apogeotropic

Nystagmus latency

5-20 seconds

Short

No latency

Duration of nystagmus

< 1 minute

< 1 minute

> 1 minute

Nystagmus behavior

Fatigue when repeating the maneuver

Increases in intensity and then decreases

Does not decreased in intensity

BPPV = Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.