Tabla 1: Características basales de los pacientes según el grupo de estudio.

Variable

Total

N = 314

n (%)

SOH

positiva

N = 62

n (%)

SOH

negativa

N = 13

n (%)

No se realizó SOH

N = 239

n (%)

p

Edad (años)*

63

[48-77]

62.5

[44-77]

69

[50-82]

63

[48-77]

0.950

Sexo masculino

185 (58.9)

32 (51.6)

11 (84.6)

142 (59.4)

0.085

Peso (kg)*

73

[62.5-84]

65.5

[58-76]

70

[65-77]

75

[65-84]

0.004

Talla (cm)*

166

[160-172]

163

[159-170]

170

[169-170]

167

[160-172]

0.046

IMC (kg/cm2)*

26

[22.8-29.3]

23.15

[22-27.6]

24.2

[22.8-26.1]

26.6

[23.95-29.55]

0.003

Días UTI

4

[2-8]

8

[3-13]

5

[2-10]

3

[2-6]

< 0.001

Estado egreso UTI

20 (6.4)

4 (6.5)

0 (0.0)

16 (6.7)

0.630

Destino egreso UTI

Atención domiciliaria/

home-care

5 (1.6)

1 (1.6)

0 (0.0)

4 (1.7)

0.460

Casa

131 (41.7)

21 (33.9)

5 (38.5)

105 (43.9)

0.460

Desconocido/Otro

3 (1.0)

2 (3.2)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.4)

0.460

Hospitalización/

Pabellón/Piso

138 (43.9)

28 (45.2)

7 (53.8)

103 (43.1)

0.460

Muerto

20 (6.4)

4 (6.5)

0 (0.0)

16 (6.7)

0.460

Otro hospital

17 (5.4)

6 (9.7)

1 (7.7)

10 (4.2)

0.460

Días de estancia hospitalaria*

6

[3-10]

11

[5-19]

10

[7-12]

5

[3-8]

< 0.001

Mortalidad hospitalaria

20 (6.4)

4 (6.5)

0 (0.0)

16 (6.7)

0.630

Destino al egreso del hospital

Atención domiciliaria/

home-care

6 (1.9)

1 (1.6)

0 (0.0)

5 (2.1)

0.250

Casa

269 (85.7)

49 (79.0)

12 (92.3)

208 (87.0)

0.250

Muerto

20 (6.4)

4 (6.5)

0 (0.0)

16 (6.7)

0.250

Otro hospital

19 (6.1)

8 (12.9)

1 (7.7)

10 (4.2)

0.250

Paliativo

No

299 (95.2)

60 (96.8)

13 (100.0)

226 (94.6)

0.670

Sí, limitar

9 (2.9)

2 (3.2)

0 (0.0)

7 (2.9)

0.670

Sí, orden de no resucitar (DNR)

6 (1.9)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

6 (2.5)

0.670

GMM

1

[0-1]

1

[0-1]

0

[0-1]

1

[0-1]

0.320

Origen

Hospitalización/

Pabellón/Piso

45 (14.3)

14 (22.6)

1 (7.7)

30 (12.6)

0.016

Sala de cirugía

55 (17.5)

5 (8.1)

2 (15.4)

48 (20.1)

0.016

Sala de intervención cardiovascular/

Sala de hemodinamia

47 (15.0)

2 (3.2)

2 (15.4)

43 (18.0)

0.016

Servicio de urgencias

165 (52.5)

41 (66.1)

8 (61.5)

116 (48.5)

0.016

Transferencia de otro

centro hospitalario

2 (0.6)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

2 (0.8)

0.016

Tipo ingreso

Cirugía de emergencia

44 (14.0)

4 (6.5)

3 (23.1)

37 (15.5)

0.110

Cirugía programada

37 (11.8)

4 (6.5)

2 (15.4)

31 (13.0)

0.110

Médico

233 (74.2)

54 (87.0)

8 (61.5)

171 (71.5)

0.110

Sepsis

83 (26.4)

35 (56.5)

3 (23.1)

45 (18.8)

< 0.001

Charlson*

1

[0-2]

1

[0-3]

0

[0-1]

1

[0-2]

0.003

IMF (puntos)*

1

[0-2]

1

[0-2]

1

[0-2]

1

[0-2]

0.890

SAPS III (puntos)*

48.5

[39-60]

58

[47-72]

50

[44-63]

46

[38-57]

< 0.001

Estado crónico

Independiente

267 (85.0)

47 (75.8)

13 (100.0)

207 (86.6)

0.091

Necesidad de asistencia

38 (12.1)

11 (17.7)

0 (0.0)

27 (11.3)

0.091

Restringido/

Confinado al lecho

9 (2.9)

4 (6.5)

0 (0.0)

5 (2.1)

0.091

NYHA II-III

24 (7.6)

6 (9.7)

1 (7.7)

17 (7.1)

0.800

IRC si TRR

4 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

4 (1.7)

0.530

Cirrosis Child A-B

3 (1.0)

2 (3.2)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.4)

0.120

Cirrosis Child C

1 (0.3)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.4)

0.850

Tumor sólido

20 (6.4)

7 (11.3)

0 (0.0)

13 (5.4)

0.150

Esteroide

1 (0.3)

1 (1.6)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0.130

HAS (mmHg)

116 (36.9)

17 (27.4)

8 (61.5)

91 (38.1)

0.052

DM no complicada

63 (20.1)

14 (22.6)

3 (23.1)

46 (19.2)

0.810

Arritmia

22 (7.0)

4 (6.5)

1 (7.7)

17 (7.1)

0.980

Tabaco

5 (1.6)

2 (3.2)

0 (0.0)

3 (1.3)

0.490

Presión (mmHg)*

Sistólica baja

100

[90-120]

96

[83-101]

112

[90-130]

105

[95-124]

< 0.001

Diastólica baja

60

[55-70]

60

[50-66]

68

[55-75]

61

[55-70]

0.009

Arterial media baja

75.835

[67.33-87]

70

[61.67-78.33]

82

[70-93.33]

76.67

[69-89]

0.001

FC alta*

88

[74-100]

96.5

[80-108]

98

[89-110]

82

[72-98]

< 0.001

Temperatura (oC)*

36.4

[36-36.9]

36.8

[36-37.3]

36.5

[36-36.7]

36.2

[36-36.7]

0.002

Leucocitos (× 103 cél)*

9.4

[7.13-13.51]

9.55

[6.8-15]

8.4

[7.5-13.2]

9.35

[7.18-12.9]

0.990

Plaquetas (× 103)*

210

[145-283]

209

[122-302]

235

[179-308]

210.5

[150-275.5]

0.580

Creatinina (mg/dL)*

1

[0.8-1.4]

1.18

[0.8-2]

0.97

[0.7-1.3]

1

[0.8-1.33]

0.450

Bilirrubina*

0.5

[0.28-0.9]

0.5

[0.23-1.5]

0.35

[0.3-0.7]

0.5

[0.29-0.9]

0.710

pH bajo*

7.35

[7.32-7.37]

7.35

[7.3-7.38]

7.31

[7.28-7.35]

7.35

[7.35-7.4]

0.057

FiO2 alta*

21

[21-30]

21

[21-30]

23

[21-25]

21

[21-30]

0.880

Lactato (mmol/L)*

1.7

[1-2.5]

1.96

[1.4-2.8]

1.75

[1.45-2.65]

1.4

[1-2.4]

0.038

Urea (mg/dL)*

40.7

[30-66]

44.95

[25-80]

39

[27.5-60.7]

40

[30-63]

0.320

BUN (mg/dL)*

19.02

[14.02-30.84]

21.005

[11.68-37.38]

18.225

[12.85-28.365]

18.69

[14.02-29.44]

0.320

Uso ventilación mecánica

42 (13.4)

11 (17.7)

2 (15.4)

29 (12.1)

0.500

Días de

ventilación mecánica*

5.5

[2-13]

9

[2-16]

8

[1-15]

5

[2-10]

0.380

Transfusión

103 (32.8)

37 (59.7)

6 (46.2)

60 (25.1)

< 0.001

Uso de complejo protrombínico

64 (20.4)

25 (40.3)

3 (23.1)

36 (15.1)

< 0.001

Endoscopia

17 (5.4)

8 (12.9)

0 (0.0)

9 (3.8)

0.012

Glucosa (mg/dL)*

118

[102.4-150.3]

110.65

[94.9-147.9]

123.7

[104.7-157]

120.8

[103.2-151.2]

0.110

Procalcitonina (ng/mL)*

0.48

[0.12-2.09]

0.755

[0.15-2.76]

0.38

[0.13-1.32]

0.38

[0.1-1.94]

0.320

Sangrado clínico intestinal

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Esteroide previo a ingreso

10 (3.2)

4 (6.5)

2 (15.4)

4 (1.7)

0.006

Antiagregante

5 (1.6)

0 (0.0)

1 (7.7)

4 (1.7)

0.130

Las comparaciones se realizaron con la prueba de χ2 para variables categóricas y la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para variables continuas.

BUN = nitrógeno ureico en sangre (Blood Urea Nitrogen).

DM = diabetes mellitus.

FC = frecuencia cardiaca.

GMM = gastos médicos mayores.

HAS = hipertensión arterial sistémica.

IMC = índice de masa corporal.

IMF = índice de fragilidad modificado.

IRC = insuficiencia renal crónica.

NYHA = New York Heart Association (Asociación Cardiaca de Nueva York).

SAPS = Simplified Acute Physiologic Score (Puntuación Simplificada de Fisiología Aguda).

SOH = prueba de sangre oculta en heces.

TRR = terapia de reemplazo renal.

UTI = Unidad de Terapia Intensiva.

* Valores expresados en mediana y [rango intercuartílico].