|
Table 2: Characteristics in the presence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) according to the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension. |
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|
HFpEF |
Total N = 605 n (%) |
p |
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|
Without PH N = 328 n (%) |
With PH N = 277 n (%) |
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|
Male |
185 (56.4) |
130 (46.9) |
315 (52.1) |
0.020 |
|
Age [years] |
70 (60.79) |
74 (65.82) |
72 (62.81) |
< 0.001 |
|
Arterial hypertension |
253 (77.1) |
220 (79.4) |
473 (78.2) |
0.497 |
|
Alcoholism |
8 (2.4) |
5 (1.8) |
13 (2.1) |
0.592 |
|
Type 2 diabetes |
81 (24.7) |
59 (21.3) |
140 (23.1) |
0.324 |
|
Liver disease |
0 (0.0) |
3 (1.1) |
3 (0.5) |
0.059 |
|
Coronary heart disease |
92 (28.0) |
73 (26.4) |
165 (27.3) |
0.641 |
|
COPD |
40 (12.2) |
90 (32.5) |
130 (21.5) |
< 0.001 |
|
Atrial fibrillation |
52 (15.9) |
94 (33.9) |
146 (24.1) |
< 0.001 |
|
Thyroid disease |
52 (15.9) |
66 (23.8) |
118 (19.5) |
0.014 |
|
Chronic kidney disease |
49 (14.9) |
53 (19.1) |
102 (16.9) |
0.170 |
|
Valvulopathy |
50 (15.2) |
74 (26.7) |
124 (20.5) |
< 0.001 |
|
Coronary revascularization |
29 (8.8) |
23 (8.3) |
52 (8.6) |
0.814 |
|
Dyslipidemia |
118 (37.8) |
92 (34.6) |
210 (36.3) |
0.421 |
|
Smoking |
92 (28.0) |
78 (28.2) |
170 (28.1) |
0.976 |
|
Anemia |
8 (2.4) |
6 (2.2) |
14 (2.3) |
0.824 |
|
Chagas disease |
46 (14.0) |
54 (19.5) |
100 (16.5) |
0.071 |
|
NYHA functional class I II III IV |
49 (14.9) 194 (59.1) 79 (24.1) 6 (1.8) |
17 (6.1) 149 (53.8) 95 (34.3) 16 (5.8) |
66 (10.9) 343 (56.7) 174 (28.8) 22 (3.6) |
< 0.001 – – – – |
|
Use of medications ACEIs/ARBs-II Beta-blockers ARNI MRA Ivabradine Diuretics Nitrates Anti-aggregants Statins Anticoagulants |
243 (74.1) 255 (77.7) 15 (4.6) 106 (32.3) 171 (52.1) 9 (2.7) 11 (3.4) 160 (48.8) 181 (55.2) 65 (19.8) |
225 (81.2) 228 (82.3) 4 (1.4) 97 (35.0) 197 (71.1) 5 (1.8) 11 (4.0) 130 (46.9) 163 (58.8) 103 (37.2) |
468 (77.4) 483 (79.8) 19 (3.1) 203 (33.6) 368 (60.8) 14 (2.3) 22 (3.6) 290 (47.9) 344 (56.9) 168 (27.8) |
0.037 0.163 0.028 0.483 < 0.001 0.444 0.686 0.650 0.365 < 0.001 |
|
SBP (mmHg)* |
122.5 [110-140] |
123.5 [110-140] |
123.0 [110-140] |
0.683 |
|
Heart rate (bpm)* |
71 [63-80] |
70 [64-81] |
70.5 [64-80] |
0.299 |
|
LVEF* |
47 [41.8-56] |
50 [45-58] |
49 [43-56] |
0.003 |
|
Hemoglobin (mg dL)* |
12.9 [11.3-14.0] |
12.9 [11.3-14.1] |
12.9 [11.3-14.1] |
0.675 |
|
NT-proBNP* |
1,153.5 [571.3-2,401.3] |
3,131 [1,187.5-5,308.0] |
1,719 [805.0-4,100.0] |
< 0.001 |
|
Prolonged QRS |
57 (25.5) |
55 (31.9) |
112 (28.3) |
0.153 |
|
ACEIs = Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors ARBs = angiotensin receptor antagonists. ARNI = angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor bpm = beats per minute. COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. LVDD = left ventricular diastolic diameter. LVEF= left ventricular ejection fraction. MRA = aldosterone receptor antagonists. NT-proBNP = N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide NYHA = New York Heart Association. PH = pulmonary hypertension. SBP = systolic blood pressure. *Median and [interquartile range]. |
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