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Tabla 2: Riesgo quirúrgico, complicaciones trans, postoperatorias y mortalidad en pacientes tratados con artroplastía de cadera, comparación entre abordaje anterior y abordaje lateral*. |
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Total N = 76 n (%) |
Abordaje anterior N = 30 n (%) |
Abordaje lateral N = 46 n (%) |
p |
|
|
Riesgo quirúrgico, ASA |
0.63 |
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|
I |
1 (1.3) |
0 (0.0) |
1 (2.2) |
|
|
II |
50 (65.8) |
21 (70.0) |
29 (63.0) |
|
|
III |
25 (32.9) |
9 (30.0) |
16 (34.8) |
|
|
Tiempo quirúrgico, horas |
0.26 |
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|
1 |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
|
|
2-3 |
65 (85.5) |
24 (80.0) |
41 (89.1) |
|
|
3-4 |
11 (14.5) |
6 (20.0) |
5 (10.9) |
|
|
> 4 |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
|
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Sangrado transquirúrgico, ml |
< 0.001 |
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< 250 |
7 (9.2) |
7 (23.3) |
0 (0.0) |
|
|
250-499 |
31 (40.8) |
16 (53.3) |
15 (32.6) |
|
|
500-750 |
18 (23.7) |
2 (6.7) |
16 (34.8) |
|
|
751-1,000 |
16 (21.1) |
5 (16.7) |
11 (23.9) |
|
|
> 1,000 |
4 (5.3) |
0 (0.0) |
4 (8.7) |
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Transfusión |
44 (57.9) |
17 (56.7) |
27 (58.7) |
0.86 |
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Tipo de anestesia |
< 0.001 |
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General |
29 (38.2) |
1 (3.3) |
28 (60.9) |
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Neuroaxial |
31 (40.8) |
23 (76.7) |
8 (17.4) |
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Combinada |
16 (21.1) |
6 (20.0) |
10 (21.7) |
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Uso de esteroides |
41 (53.9) |
13 (43.3) |
28 (60.9) |
0.134 |
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Artroplastía total |
13 (17.1) |
2 (6.7) |
11 (23.9) |
0.051 |
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Hemiartroplastía |
62 (81.6) |
28 (93.3) |
34 (73.9) |
0.033 |
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Artroplastía cementada |
66 (86.8) |
30 (100.0) |
36 (78.3) |
0.006 |
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Días de estancia hospitalaria |
0.034 |
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1-2 |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
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3-5 |
53 (69.7) |
25 (83.3) |
28 (60.9) |
|
|
6-7 |
8 (10.5) |
0 (0.0) |
8 (17.4) |
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> 7 |
15 (19.7) |
5 (16.7) |
10 (21.7) |
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Fractura periprotésica |
2 (2.6) |
0 (0.0) |
2 (4.3) |
0.24 |
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Evento trombótico |
2 (2.6) |
0 (0.0) |
2 (4.3) |
0.24 |
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Evento cardíaco |
10 (13.2) |
3 (10.0) |
7 (15.2) |
0.51 |
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Neumonía |
3 (3.9) |
1 (3.3) |
2 (4.3) |
0.82 |
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Intubación no planeada |
5 (6.6) |
2 (6.7) |
3 (6.5) |
0.98 |
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Infección periprotésica |
1 (1.3) |
0 (0.0) |
1 (2.2) |
0.41 |
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Lesión nerviosa motora |
1 (1.3) |
0 (0.0) |
1 (2.2) |
0.41 |
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Luxación periprotésica |
2 (2.6) |
0 (0.0) |
2 (4.3) |
0.24 |
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Reintervención |
3 (3.9) |
1 (3.3) |
2 (4.3) |
0.82 |
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Infección por SARS-CoV-2 |
1 (3.8) |
1 (3.8) |
0 (0.0) |
NS |
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Infección superficial |
2 (2.6) |
1 (3.3) |
1 (2.2) |
0.75 |
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Formación de hematoma |
1 (1.3) |
1 (3.3) |
0 (0.0) |
0.21 |
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Complicaciones (general) |
23 (30.3) |
7 (23.3) |
16 (34.8) |
0.28 |
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Mortalidad a 30 días |
4 (5.3) |
1 (3.3) |
3 (6.5) |
0.54 |
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Mortalidad 31-365 días |
5 (6.6) |
1 (3.3) |
4 (8.7) |
0.35 |
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Mortalidad global |
9 (11.8) |
2 (6.7) |
7 (15.2) |
0.25 |
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ASA = Sociedad Americana de Anestesiólogos (American Society of Anesthesiologists). SARS-CoV-2 = Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave). |
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