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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2021, Número 1

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Arch Neurocien 2021; 26 (1)


Evaluación emocional de adultos con TDAH a través de potenciales relacionados a eventos. Revisión sistemática

Oliveros-Chacana JC, Kreither J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 15-23
Archivo PDF: 263.30 Kb.


RESUMEN

Antecedentes: Durante la última década, varios estudios muestran que los adultos con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) no sólo lidian con alteraciones de atención y memoria, sino que también con dificultades en el reconocimiento emocional. Por otro lado, la técnica de potenciales relacionados a eventos (ERPs) ha mostrado ser una forma efectiva de investigar los correlatos neurales de dichas funciones. Objetivo: El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática fue recopilar estudios que usaron paradigmas experimentales con estímulos emocionales en combinación con ERPs en adultos con TDAH. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática según las normas PRISMA entre septiembre y octubre del 2019, en las bases de datos Scopus y ScienceDirect. Se utilizaron los siguientes términos MeSH: "emotions", “attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder", "event-related potentials" y “adult”. De los 173 registros únicos identificados, 8 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Para los componentes tempranos, los adultos con TDAH evidencian mayores amplitudes de P1 para estímulos negativos y positivos; y menores amplitudes de N170 para estímulos positivos, comparados con participantes sin TDAH. Para los componentes tardíos, los individuos con TDAH mostraron mayores amplitudes de potencial positivo tardío (LPP) durante el procesamiento de estímulos aversivos y regulación emocional. Discusión y conclusión: En general, los adultos con TDAH evidencian un menor desempeño en tareas emocionales en comparación con los participantes sin TDAH. Esta revisión destaca que a través de los estudios de ERPs existen promisorias y novedosas propuestas para evaluar el correlato neural emocional en adultos con TDAH.


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