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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2021, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2021; 24 (1)


Actividad antimicrobiana, contenido de compuestos fenólicos y capacidad antioxidante de cuatro hongos macromicetos comestibles de Chihuahua, México

Martínez-Escobedo NA, Vázquez-González FJ, Valero-Galván J, Álvarez-Parrilla E, Garza-Ocañas F, Najera-Medellin JA, Quiñónez-Martínez M

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 54
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 313.28 Kb.


RESUMEN

En el presente estudio se determinó el contenido de compuestos fenólicos y la actividad antimicrobiana y antioxidante en cuatro especies de hongos comestibles (Amanita rubescens, Astraeus hygrometricus, Laccaria laccata y Lycoperdon perlatum). Las actividades antimicrobianas se probaron en Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae y Candida albicans. Los compuestos fenólicos y la actividad antioxidante se midieron mediante métodos espectrofotométricos. Todos los hongos presentan una alta actividad en comparación con S. agalactiae. El contenido de compuestos fenólicos se ubicó entre 1.54 - 20.93 mg GAE/gDW y la actividad antioxidante entre 0.0034 - 0.0854 mmol TE / g DW, siendo A. rubescens la especie con el valor más alto encontrado. Los resultados obtenidos de la actividad antimicrobiana utilizando el método de difusión en disco indicaron que los extractos exhibieron una actividad moderada. Sin embargo, la Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria (CMI) con ambos disolventes muestra que todas las especies de macromicetos registraron inhibición de los microorganismos en diferentes concentraciones. En general, los extractos etanólicos ejercieron una actividad antimicrobiana mayor a los obtenidos con metanol. La bacteria S. agalactiae fue el microorganismo más susceptible y S. aureus la más resistente. La mejor actividad antimicrobiana se encontró en los extractos etanólicos de A. hygrometricus y L. perlatum, principalmente en S. agalactiae, con un valor de CMI de 3.75 mg/mL. En conclusión, se sugiere que estas especies de macromicetos se pueden utilizar como fuente natural de componentes antimicrobianos y antioxidantes.


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