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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2021, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2021; 24 (1)


Exposición al plomo: Conocimientos sobre los efectos en ovarios y el impacto a la salud reproductora femenina

Trujillo-Vázquez SK, Bonilla-González E, Valencia-Quintana R, Sánchez-Alarcon J, López-Durán RM, Gómez-Olivares JL

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 91
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 289.17 Kb.


RESUMEN

El plomo (Pb) es un metal pesado altamente tóxico de importancia industrial cuya presencia continúa siendo un riesgo en el ambiente. Las concentraciones de este metal sobrepasan los límites establecidos por las agencias gubernamentales, amenazando la salud de la población, principalmente en los países en desarrollo. El Pb afecta a varios sistemas del organismo, incluyendo al reproductor. En este trabajo se revisan las investigaciones sobre sus efectos tóxicos en los ovarios, abordando estudios realizados in vivo e in vitro en mamíferos, principalmente rata, ratón y humanos, desde el año 2000 al 2020. Entre los principales hallazgos se encuentran las modificaciones del balance óxido-reducción (REDOX) celular, la separación de las células de la granulosa que conforman al folículo y el aumento de la atresia folicular, entre otros, que alteran los procesos reproductores. La realización de más estudios interdisciplinarios ayudará a mejorar la comprensión de los mecanismos de acción del Pb en el ovario y el riesgo a la salud reproductora femenina.


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