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Investigación en Educación Médica

2022, Número 41

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Inv Ed Med 2022; 11 (41)


Anatomía radiológica: alternativa en la enseñanza de anatomía. Percepción y desempeño de estudiantes de medicina

Chang CAYC, Mejía BLL, Chavarría REM, Osmany SN, Robles ADM

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 36
Paginas: 26-34
Archivo PDF: 455.39 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: En países con escasos recursos, la disección como medio para enseñar anatomía no es factible a menudo, debido a la disponibilidad limitada de cuerpos, alto costo y riesgos de seguridad. En Nicaragua, la anatomía y radiología se estudia de forma independiente.
Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio es explorar el impacto (desempeño y percepciones) del uso de imágenes radiológicas en la enseñanza de anatomía en estudiantes de medicina de un país con bajos recursos.
Método: Se implementó un curso extraescolar de anatomía radiológica a estudiantes de medicina de tercer (n=87) y sexto (n=67) año. Se aplicó una pre/posprueba y una encuesta posterior al curso. Se calcularon la media, mediana y desviación estándar, con un nivel de intervalo de confianza del 95%.
Resultados: Las percepciones de ambos grupos fueron similares. Relacionado a las técnicas radiológicas: TC (82.8% junior y 94% senior) fue la más útil; y la ecografía la menos (49.4% junior y 67.2% senior). Aceptación de recursos didácticos: guía de estudio (73.6% junior y 82.1% senior) y atlas digital interactivo (69% junior y 80.6% senior) obtuvieron la puntuación más alta; mientras que los libros impresos (36.8% junior y 59.7% senior) obtuvieron la puntuación más baja. Los puntajes previos a la prueba fueron similares en ambos grupos (media de respuesta correcta 7.98 junior y 8.22 senior). En la posprueba, la media de aciertos aumentó en ambos grupos: 32.03 para junior y 32.82 para senior (p=0.000).
Conclusiones: La integración de la radiología y la anatomía tiene un impacto positivo en los estudiantes de medicina, debe implementarse a través de un enfoque de aprendizaje autodirigido, y considerarse complementaria en el plan de estudios médico como una buena alternativa para enseñar anatomía en países donde la disección no es factible.


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