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Revista Médica Sinergia

2022, Número 07

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Revista Médica Sinergia 2022; 7 (07)


Vaginosis bacteriana en el embarazo: últimos avances hasta la fecha

Morelli MI, Gamboa MS

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 19
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 159.64 Kb.


RESUMEN

La vaginosis bacteriana es causada por un desbalance en las poblaciones bacterianas de la microbiota vaginal normal. Ciertas condiciones en las que ocurren cambios hormonales considerables, como el embarazo, pueden precipitar esta disbiosis. En la mayoría de los casos es asintomática, pero de no serlo, se presenta con una secreción vaginal blanquecina, con mal olor, bastante característica. En cuanto a su fisiopatología, los factores de virulencia de las bacterias patógenas son los responsables de la disrupción del microambiente vaginal, y los factores de riesgo son en su mayoría los mismos que se vinculan con otras infecciones de transmisión sexual; sin embargo, también los niveles bajos de vitamina D se han asociado con esta. Su diagnóstico puede ser mediante hallazgos clínicos, histopatológicos o detección molecular, pero lo más reciente corresponde a pruebas rápidas de detección enzimática. Con respecto al tratamiento, en la mayoría de los casos, el consenso es a favor de tratar las pacientes sintomáticas; sin embargo, resulta incierto cómo se debe proceder con las pacientes asintomáticas.


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