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Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios

2022, Número 1

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Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios 2022; 12 (1)


El efecto de los probióticos en el tratamiento y prevención del síndrome metabólico: revisión sistemática

Rivero-García PC, Monroy-Torres R

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 58
Paginas: 71-87
Archivo PDF: 993.09 Kb.


RESUMEN

Existe evidencia clínica consistente, pero no concluyentes aún, que el consumo de alimentos o suplementos a base de probióticos modifica la microbiota y el microambiente, con efectos benéficos que se manifiestan en los componentes clínicos, antropométricos y bioquímicos del síndrome metabólico (MS) en población adulta. El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática fue analizar los efectos de la suplementación con probióticos sobre la prevención y tratamiento del MS y sus componentes en población adulta. Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos: Pubmed-Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, Cochrane, SIGN, NICE y Scielo, con artículos en idioma español e inglés de 2010 a 2020, con diseños de intervención controlados donde se haya comparado la suplementación con probióticos (independientemente de la dosis, las cepas, la vía de administración o la duración del consumo). Fueron seleccionados 16 artículos (10 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA), que incluyeron 610 participantes). El metaanálisis ejecutado indicó que no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas sobre la resistencia a la insulina (HOMA-IR), la obesidad (índice de masa corporal -IMC-), la dislipidemia aterogénica o sobre la presión arterial. Estos hallazgos concluyen la falta de evidencia encontrada para recomendar el consumo de probióticos como una estrategia en la disminución de la prevalencia del MS. Las limitantes metodológicas encontradas entre los estudios revisados implican la necesidad de futuras líneas de investigación sobre su relevancia como una potencial terapia nutricional y por el momento se recomienda integrar variables como el tratamiento nutricio o el control de la dieta.


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