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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2022, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2022; 25 (1)


Introducción a los sistemas CRISPR y sus aplicaciones en levaduras

Mendoza-Téllez B, Zamora-Bello A, Rosas-Paz M, Villarreal-Huerta D, de la Fuente I, Segal-Kischinevzky C, González J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 78
Paginas: 1-21
Archivo PDF: 835.20 Kb.


RESUMEN

El sistema de inmunidad adaptativa en bacterias y arqueas, encargado de reconocer las secuencias de DNA invasores, se caracteriza por tener grupos de secuencias palindrómicas cortas repetidas e intercaladas de manera regular por espaciadores (CRISPR). Las proteínas asociadas a CRISPR (Cas) y los RNAs guías complementarios a secuencias específicas del DNA blanco constituyen una de las herramientas de edición genética más utilizadas para modificar a los organismos. En los últimos años se ha incrementado la variedad de los sistemas CRISPR/Cas, adaptándose a microorganismos como las levaduras, que cuentan con potencial biotecnológico. El objetivo de esta revisión es facilitar la comprensión de los conceptos básicos del sistema CRISPR/Cas9 y reconocer algunas de las variedades de esta herramienta molecular que se han implementado de manera exitosa en distintas levaduras. Asimismo, se describen varias de las nuevas tecnologías basadas en CRISPR que están revolucionando la investigación.


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