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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2022, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2022; 25 (1)


Litchi (Litchi chinensis): Generalidades, actividad biológica y aplicaciones

Castillo-Olvera G, Carrillo-Inungaray ML, Reyes-Munguia A, Muñiz-Marquez DB, Valencia-Hernández LJ, Wong-Paz JE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 81
Paginas: 1-14
Archivo PDF: 726.91 Kb.


RESUMEN

Litchi chinensis es un árbol frutal, comúnmente, conocido como litche o lychee, de la familia Sapindaceae y originario del sur de China. Actualmente se cultiva en más de 20 países con áreas tropicales y subtropicales. El fruto tiene un alto valor nutritivo y comercial por su agradable sabor, su jugoso arilo y un atractivo color rojo intenso. En la antigüedad diversas culturas lo utilizaron como una medicina tradicional para el tratamiento de diferentes enfermedades, entre ellas la tos, las úlceras, la diabetes, la obesidad, los dolores epigástricos y los neurálgicos. En la literatura se reporta al litchi y sus diferentes partes (hojas, flores, pulpa, semilla y pericarpio) con una alta cantidad de compuestos bioactivos, de una fuerte actividad biológica por ser antioxidante, antimicrobiano, antiviral, antidiabético, anticanceroso, antiobesidad, antiinflamatorio, hepatoprotector y analgésico. En esta revisión se describen sus características botánicas, su distribución, su composición química con énfasis en los compuestos bioactivos que contiene y su actividad biológica, así como usos, aplicaciones y perspectivas de interés para la industria alimentaria, farmacéutica y cosmética con la finalidad de elaborar productos novedosos y útiles para el humano.


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