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16 de abril

2022, Número 284

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16 de abril 2022; 61 (284)


Detección de la enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica de extremidades inferiores en los centros de salud

Cedillo-Balcázar J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 76
Paginas: 1-7
Archivo PDF: 291.90 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: la detección oportuna de la enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica de extremidades inferiores permite disminuir la frecuencia de amputaciones y muerte cardiovascular; sin embargo esta enfermedad resulta ser infradiagnosticada por el desconocimiento de los métodos diagnósticos accesibles. Objetivo: describir las estrategias y herramientas diagnósticas para la detección de la enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica de extremidades inferiores, accesibles y aplicables en los centros de salud. Métodos: la búsqueda de información se realizó en PubMed, Scopus y SciELO empleando los términos Atención Primaria de Salud; Enfermedad Arterial Periférica y Factores de riesgo, en el idioma español e inglés. Tomando en cuenta los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se seleccionaron un total de 38 artículos. Desarrollo: la enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica de extremidades inferiores es una condición sistémica que puede sospecharse por la presencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular, valores bajos de la prueba índice tobillo brazo y/o manifestaciones clínicas. Conclusiones: el interrogatorio clínico dirigido a la búsqueda de los factores de riesgo y las manifestaciones clínicas es la estrategia inicial en la detección de la enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica de extremidades inferiores. La prueba de índice tobillo brazo tiene un buen rendimiento diagnóstico para enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica de extremidades inferiores, con una excelente relación costo-beneficio. Además permite determinar el riesgo cardiovascular y de amputación, lo que la convierte en la herramienta ideal para la detección de la enfermedad arterial oclusiva crónica de extremidades inferiores en los centros de salud.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

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  42. Del Brutto OH, Sedler MJ,Zambrano M, Mera RM, Phelan KJ,Gruen JA, et al. Comparison of fieldquestionnaires with the ankle-brachialindex for the detection of peripheralartery disease. A population-basedstudy in rural Ecuador. Internationaljournal of cardiology. [Internet].2014 [citado 04/11/2021];177(2):703-4. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.09.188

  43. Barrera-Guarderas F, Carrasco-Tenezaca F, De la Torre-CisnerosK. Peripheral Artery Diseasein Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: SurvivalAnalysis of an Ecuadorian Populationin Primary Care. Journal of primarycare & community health. [Internet].2020 [citado 10/11/2021];11:1-9. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720957449

  44. Song P, Rudan D, Zhu Y,Fowkes F, Rahimi K, Fowkes GR et al.Global, regional, and national prevalenceand risk factors for peripheralartery disease in 2015: an updatedsystematic review and analysis. TheLancet. [Internet]. 2019 [citado10/11/2021]; 7:e1020-e1030. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30255-4

  45. Yip W, Fu H, Chen AT, Zhai T,Jian W, Xu R et al. 10 years of healthcarereform in China: progress andgaps in Universal Health Coverage.The Lancet. [Internet]. 2019 [citado08/11/2021]; 394(10204):1192-1204. Disponible en : https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32136-1

  46. Saloner B, Wilk AS, LevinJ. Community Health Centers andAccess to Care Among UnderservedPopulations: A SynthesisReview. Medical care research andreview: MCRR. [Internet]. 2020[citado 06/11/2021]; 77(1):3-18. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077558719848283

  47. Liu F, Du J, Nie M, Fu J, SunJ. 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductaseC677T gene polymorphismand peripheral arterial disease: Ameta-analysis. Vascular [Internet].2021 [citado 08/11/2021]; 29(6):913-919. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/1708538120982698

  48. Poznyak A, Andrey VG, OrekhovAN, Poggio P, Myasoedova VA,Alfieri V. The Diabetes Mellitus-AtherosclerosisConnection: The Role ofLipid and Glucose Metabolism andChronic Inflammation. Internationaljournal of molecular sciences. [Internet].2020 [citado 04/11/2021];21(5):1835. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051835

  49. Hap K, Biernat K, Konieczny,G. Patients with Diabetes Complicatedby Peripheral Artery Disease:the Current State of Knowledgeon Physiotherapy Interventions.Journal of diabetes research. [Internet].2021 [citado 04/11/2021];5122494. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5122494

  50. Schaller MS, Chen M, ColasRA, Sorrentino TA, Lazar AA, GrenonSM et al. Treatment With a MarineOil Supplement Alters Lipid Mediatorsand Leukocyte Phenotype inHealthy Patients and Those WithPeripheral Artery Disease. Journalof the American Heart Association.[Internet]. 2020 [citado 06/11/2021];9(15):e016113. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.016113

  51. Ramirez JL, Gasper WJ,Khetani SA, Zahner GJ, Hills NK,Mitchell PT, et al. Fish Oil IncreasesSpecialized Pro-resolving Lipid Mediatorsin PAD (The OMEGA-PAD II Trial).The Journal of surgical research.[Internet]. 2019 [citado 05/11/2021];238:164-174. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2019.01.038

  52. Jeong IH, Bae WY, Choi JS,Jeong JW. Ischemia induces autophagyof endothelial cells and stimulatesangiogenic effects in a hindlimbischemia mouse model. Cell death& disease. [Internet]. 2020 [citado04/11/2021]; 11(8):624. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-020-02849-4

  53. Zhu Y, Xian X, Wang Z, Bi Y,Chen Q, Han X et al. Research Progresson the Relationship betweenAtherosclerosis and Inflammation.Biomolecules. [Internet]. 2018[citado 05/11/2021]; 8(3):80. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.3390/biom8030080

  54. Steven S, Daiber A, DopheideJF, Münzel T, Espinola-Klein C. Peripheralartery disease, redox signaling,oxidative stress - Basic and clinicalaspects. Redox biology. [Internet].2017 [citado 04/11/2021]; 12:787-797. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.017

  55. Spannbauer A, Chwała M,Ridan T, Berwecki A, Mika P, KulikA, et al. Intermittent Claudication inPhysiotherapists’ Practice. BioMedresearch international. [Internet].2019 [citado 08/11/2021];2470801. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2470801

  56. Sfyri P, Matsakas A. Crossroadsbetween peripheral atherosclerosis,western-type diet and skeletalmuscle pathophysiology: emphasison apolipoprotein E deficiency andperipheral arterial disease. Journal of biomedical science. [Internet]. 2017[citado 08/11/2021]; 24(1):42. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-017-0346-8

  57. Li Q, Chen L, Shen Y, Li J,Dong Y. A modified axillo-femoralperfusion for acute type an aorticdissection accompanied with lowerlimb malperfusion. Journal of cardiothoracicsurgery. [Internet]. 2020[citado 08/11/2021]; 15(1):10. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-020-1060-2

  58. Donohue CM, Adler JV,Bolton LL. Peripheral arterial diseasescreening and diagnostic practice:A scoping review. Internationalwound journal. [Internet]. 2020 [citado04/11/2021]; 17(1):32-44. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.13223

  59. Rümenapf G, Morbach S,Schmidt A, Sigl M. Intermittent Claudicationand Asymptomatic PeripheralArterial Disease. Deutsches Arzteblattinternational. [Internet]. 2020[citado 05/11/2021]; 117(11):188-193. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2020.0188

  60. Rammos C, Kontogiannis A,Mahabadi AA, Steinmetz M, MessihaD, Messiha Daniel, et al. Risk stratificationand mortality prediction inocto- and nonagenarians with peripheralartery disease: a retrospectiveanalysis. BMC cardiovasculardisorders. [Internet]. 2021[citado08/11/2021]; 21(1):370. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-021-02177-1

  61. Mizzi A, Cassar K, Bowen C,Formosa C. The progression rate ofperipheral arterial disease in patientswith intermittent claudication: a systematicreview. Journal of foot andankle research. [Internet]. 2019 [citado07/11/2021]; 12(40). Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-019-0351-0

  62. Georg Kieback A, Espinola-Klein C, Lamina C, Moebus S, TillerD, Lorbeer R, et al. One simpleclaudication question as first stepin Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)screening: A meta-analysis of theassociation with reduced AnkleBrachial Index (ABI) in 27,945 subjects.PloS one [Internet] 2019 [citado04/11/2021]; 14(11): e0224608. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224608

  63. Aragão JA, Andrade LG, NevesO, Aragão LC, Aragão FM PradoF, et al. Anxiety and depressionin patients with peripheral arterialdisease admitted to a tertiary hospital.Jornal vascular brasileiro. [Internet].2019 [citado 08/11/2021];18:e20190002. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.190002

  64. Striberger R, Axelsson M,Zarrouk M, Kumlien C. Illness perceptionsin patients with peripheral arterialdisease: A systematic review ofqualitative studies. International journalof nursing. [Internet]. 2020 [citado05/11/2021]; 116:103723. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103723

  65. Conte MS, Bradbury AW,Kolh P, White JV, Dick F, Fritidge R,et al. Global Vascular Guidelineson the Management of ChronicLimb-Threatening Ischemia. Europeanjournal of vascular and endovascularsurgery: the official journalof the European Society for VascularSurgery. [Internet]. 2019 [citado05/11/2021]; 58(1S):S1-09.e33. Disponibleen: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2019.05.006

  66. Okamoto S, Lida O, TakaharaM, Hata Y, Aasai M, MasudaM, et al. A Global Vascular Guidelines-Based Bypass-Preferred Populationand Their Surgical Risk AmongCLTI Patients Treated With EndovascularTherapy in a Real-WorldPractice. Journal of endovasculartherapy: an official journal of theInternational Society of EndovascularSpecialists [Internet]. 2020[citado 05/11/2021]; 27(4):608-613. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/1526602820924338

  67. Almasri J, Adusumalli J,Asi N, Lakis S, Alsawas M, ProkopLJ, et al. A systematic review andmeta-analysis of revascularizationoutcomes of infrainguinal chroniclimb-threatening ischemia. Journalof vascular surgery. [Internet].2018 [citado 04/11/2021]; 68(2):624-633. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2018.01.066

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