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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2024, Número 08

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Med Int Mex 2024; 40 (08)


Terapia de alto flujo: usos actuales, ¿qué dice la evidencia?

Velarde PAA, Bernal TLA, Nubert CVH, Cañas PNR, Herrera IJA, Rivera AM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 78
Paginas: 488-515
Archivo PDF: 400.65 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: Revisar la bibliografía respecto de las diferentes indicaciones y recomendaciones de la terapia de alto flujo en el hospital y domicilio del paciente.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo basado en la revisión de artículos publicados en inglés o español e indizados en las bases de datos de PubMed, SciELO y Medline, con los MeSH: oxigen; high flow; respiratory failure; nasal cannula; hypoxemia y ROX index.
Resultados: Se seleccionaron 78 artículos. La principal indicación de la terapia de alto flujo se encontró en pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria hipoxémica, principalmente con PaO2/FiO2 menor de 200 mmHg, donde demostró disminuir el riesgo de intubación, los días con ventilación mecánica y el riesgo de complicaciones infecciosas asociadas. En la actualidad tiene otras indicaciones de importancia clínica.
Conclusiones: La terapia de alto flujo ha demostrado efectividad en el tratamiento de pacientes hospitalizados y ambulatorios con insuficiencia respiratoria hipoxémica e hipercápnica. Puesto que es una estrategia que evita el escalamiento de tratamientos con oxígeno, entre más temprana sea su indicación mayores ventajas aportará a la evolución clínica del paciente.


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