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2022, Número 3

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Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter 2022; 38 (3)


Disfunción crónica de órganos en pacientes con drepanocitosis. Parte II: manifestaciones renales, neurológicas y sensoriales

Águila FJD, Fernández GCT, Villares ÁI

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 82
Paginas: 1-20
Archivo PDF: 338.97 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: El aumento de la expectativa de vida de pacientes con drepanocitosis, provoca que se sumen comorbilidades y disfunción crónica de órganos a las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad.
Objetivos: Analizar las alteraciones renales, neurológicas y sensoriales que aparecen en pacientes con drepanocitosis como manifestaciones de la disfunción orgánica crónica.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años con el uso de los buscadores PubMed, SciELO y Google Académico. Los términos de búsqueda fueron: drepanocitosis, disfunción orgánica, mortalidad, proteinuria, enfermedad renal crónica, infarto cerebral silente, trastornos neurocognitivos, retinopatía, sordera neurosensorial.
Análisis y síntesis de la información: El efecto combinado de afectación glomerular, tubular e intersticial acarrea una disminución paulatina de la función renal. La progresión a la enfermedad renal crónica terminal es común y se asocia a incremento de la mortalidad. Las complicaciones del sistema nervioso central también pueden tener un impacto negativo en la supervivencia o provocar secuelas que influyen en la calidad de vida de los enfermos. Las afectaciones sensoriales tienen repercusiones biopsicosociales. Se describen aspectos relacionados con la prevalencia, diagnóstico y tratamiento de estas complicaciones.
Conclusiones: Un seguimiento de los pacientes basado en estrategias para prevenir y diagnosticar de forma precoz las manifestaciones de disfunción crónica de órganos, puede disminuir las consecuencias desfavorables de estas complicaciones.


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