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2025, Número 2

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Enf Infec Microbiol 2025; 45 (2)


Consenso Mexicano interdisciplinario sobre el diagnóstico y prevención para las infecciones por el virus sincicial respiratorio

Wong-Chew RM, Noyola DE, Solórzano-Santos f, Moreno-Spinosa S, Miranda-Novales MG, Ochoa-Hein E, Galindo-Fraga A, Vilar-Compte D, Martinez-Aguilar G, Jiménez-Juárez R, Tena-Alavez G, Villanueva-García D, Valdivia-Proa M, Martinez-Arce PA, Macías-Hernández A, Espinosa-Rosales F, Ibarra-Rios D, Ruiz-Palacios y Santos G, Avilés-Robles M, Patiño-Bahena E, Vega-Barrientos RS, López-Enriquez C, González-Díaz E, Guerrero-Almeida MC, Pacheco-Rosas D, Granados-Cepeda ML, Martinez-Longoria C, Roledo-Galván A, Cornejo-Juarez P

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 71
Paginas: 92-104
Archivo PDF: 194.06 Kb.


RESUMEN

Antecedentes: el virus sincicial respiratorio (VSR) es una causa común de enfermedades respiratorias en niños y adultos en América Latina y México. El VSR circula con picos estacionales en otoño e invierno. Las personas con mayor riesgo de infección grave son los bebés prematuros y aquellos con comorbilidades, así como los adultos mayores con patologías cardiopulmonares y/o diversos grados de inmunocompromiso.
Objetivo: proporcionar un panorama actualizado de la epidemiología, los grupos de riesgo, los métodos de diagnóstico y la prevención de la infección por VSR en México.
Métodos: convocados por la Asociación Mexicana de Infectología y Microbiología Clínica, 28 expertos interdisciplinarios participaron en una reunión de consenso celebrada en noviembre de 2023. Se formaron cuatro grupos, cada uno con siete expertos y un redactor médico, para discutir sobre epidemiología y diagnóstico, grupos de riesgo, vacunas y anticuerpos monoclonales (mABs). Se formularon preguntas predefinidas por un equipo de cuatro expertos, las cuales fueron discutidas dentro de cada grupo hasta alcanzar un consenso. Luego, las respuestas fueron analizadas y organizadas en recomendaciones basadas en evidencia nacional e internacional.
Resultados: se propusieron recomendaciones basadas en evidencia para la vigilancia epidemiológica, el diagnóstico y la prevención de la infección por VSR. Se analizaron perspectivas futuras sobre la utilidad de nuevas vacunas y la inmunoprofilaxis pasiva.
Conclusiones: la identificación oportuna de poblaciones en riesgo, el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección por VSR, y especialmente el uso racional de mABs y vacunas, son estrategias clave para reducir la carga clínica y epidemiológica de la infección por VSR.


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