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2022, Número 4

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CorSalud 2022; 14 (4)


Utilidad de la resonancia magnética cardiaca con mapas paramétricos en el diagnóstico y pronóstico de pacientes con miocardiopatías

Pérez BA, Vázquez HG, Marcos GY, Bencomo RL, Martínez GA, Padrón GK, Pérez MR, Oro CC, Rodríguez NLM, Peix GA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas: 320-331
Archivo PDF: 667.95 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: Las miocardiopatías constituyen un grupo heterogéneo de enferme-dades del miocardio con elevadas morbilidad y mortalidad. La resonancia magné-tica cardíaca (RMC) tiene un papel esencial en su diagnóstico y pronóstico.
Objetivo: Describir la utilidad de la RMC con la aplicación de mapas paramétricos para el diagnóstico y pronóstico de pacientes con miocardiopatías.
Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal, con 40 pa-cientes con miocardiopatías, atendidos en el Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía Car-diovascular de La Habana, Cuba, en 2018; a los cuales se les realizó RMC y mantu-vieron seguidos durante 24 meses.
Resultados: Fueron más frecuentes los hombres (60%) y la hipertensión arterial (50%). La RMC confirmó el diagnóstico inicial en el 47% de los casos. La fracción de eyección fue significativamente menor en los fallecidos (p=0,039), lo que presenta-ron, además, volúmenes telediastólicos y telesistólicos más altos. Los pacientes con función ventricular disminuida presentaron mayores volúmenes extracelulares (mediana de 38,9 ms), y mayor mortalidad a los 24 meses del seguimiento. Los va-lores de T1 nativo y volumen extracelular fueron significativamente más altos en los fallecidos con medianas de 1134,4 y 41,4 ms respectivamente.
Conclusiones: La RMC complementa el diagnóstico y pronóstico no invasivo de las miocardiopatías al confirmar, agregar o refutar diagnósticos mediante evaluación de la función ventricular y caracterización tisular, donde la fracción de eyección y el volumen extracelular son las variables pronósticas más importantes.


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