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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2026, Número 3

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salud publica mex 2026; 68 (3)


Evaluación de estrategias para mitigar los efectos de las publicaciones a favor de los cigarros electrónicos en redes sociales en adultos jóvenes

Cruz-Jiménez L, Kim M, Vidaña-Pérez D, Khemkar A, Sun Y, Leal DF, Barrientos-Gutiérrez I, Thrasher JF

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 44
Paginas: 235-244
Archivo PDF: 1913.08 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Examinar cómo las declaraciones de patrocinio y las etiquetas de advertencia sobre nicotina (NWL, por sus siglas en inglés) afectan las respuestas a publicaciones a favor de los cigarros electrónicos en Instagram entre adultos jóvenes mexicanos. Material y métodos. En un experimento de 2 x 2, conducido en internet, se asignó al azar a jóvenes mexicanos de entre 18 y 24 años (N= 699; 53% usuarios y 47% no usuarios de cigarros o de cigarros electrónicos susceptibles de consumir en el futuro) a ver una de cuatro publicaciones en Instagram: 1) control, 2) sólo declaración de patrocinio, 3) sólo NWL o 4) combinada. Los participantes reportaron su susceptibilidad a los cigarros electrónicos, expectativas positivas y percepciones de riesgo. Los resultados se analizaron mediante regresión logística (referencia: control). Resultados. En comparación con el grupo control, los participantes expuestos únicamente a la NWL o a la NWL combinada fueron menos propensos a sentir curiosidad por probar los cigarrillos electrónicos (RM= 0.54, IC95% 0.35,0.83; RM= 0.54, IC95% 0.34,0.84), a probarlos si un amigo se lo ofrecía (RM= 0.59, IC95% 0.39,0.90; RM= 0.55, IC95% 0.36,0.85), o a esperar disfrutar su uso (RM= 0.64, IC95% 0.42,0.97; RM= 0.65, IC95% 0.43,1.00). Las percepciones de riesgo no mostraron diferencias; las declaraciones de patrocinio no tuvieron efecto. Las declaraciones de patrocinio (vs control) aumentaron la disposición a probar los cigarrillos electrónicos entre las personas que actualmente fumaban o eran susceptibles a fumar (β= 0.84, p 𔈺.05). Conclusión. Las etiquetas de advertencia sobre nicotina, pero no las declaraciones de patrocinio, reducen la susceptibilidad y las expectativas positivas hacia los cigarros electrónicos entre los jóvenes mexicanos.


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