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2002, Número 6

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Cir Cir 2002; 70 (6)


Análisis de vocalizaciones en cobayos recién nacidos, normoyentes y con sordera provocada en períodos de soledad

Arch-Tirado E, Collado-Corona MA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 76
Paginas: 442-448
Archivo PDF: 56.22 Kb.


RESUMEN

Antecedentes: en el área de audiología y foniatría es posible contar con un modelo biomédico. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las vocalizaciones en cobayos recién nacidos con audición normal y con sordera provocada, en etapas tempranas del desarrollo. Métodos: para el estudio se utilizaron 10 camadas de cobayos pigmentados. Por camada se utilizaron a las dos hembras de mayor peso, a una de ellas se le destruyó la cóclea al nacimiento por métodos quirúrgicos. Cinco días a la semana se registraron las vocalizaciones que emitían hasta el día 15 postnacimiento. Se registró en series de seis minutos tanto a los controles como a los experimentales en soledad, este procedimiento se realizó por cada camada del estudio tanto a los controles (normoyentes) como a los experimentales (sordos). Resultados: se encontró que los animales normoyentes en comparación con los animales sordos producen sonidos con más armónicos. Al calcular el promedio y la desviación estándar de las frecuencias fundamentales de todos los registros y en ambos grupos se obtuvo para los normales 1,535.28 ± 659.95 y en los sordos de 1,332.75 ± 1,185.87 Hz con una diferencia significativa para p = 0.05. Discusión: los cobayos sordos vocalizan durante mayor tiempo y las vocalizaciones van perdiendo armónicos en comparación con los normoyentes que, a lo largo del tiempo sus vocalizaciones van siendo cada vez más elaboradas. Los resultados muestran la importancia de la retroalimentación auditiva para la maduración y desarrollo de vocalizaciones en esta especie.


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