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2003, Número 4

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Rev Med Hosp Gen Mex 2003; 66 (4)


Genómica, medicina y sociedad

Cervantes PA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 49
Paginas: 224-234
Archivo PDF: 145.36 Kb.


RESUMEN

La información generada por el Proyecto Genoma Humano, junto con el nacimiento de una nueva disciplina, la genómica, tendrán importantes repercusiones en la medicina y la sociedad. El conocimiento de nuestros genes y de la variabilidad individual que presentan permitirán identificar su contribución a la patogénesis de las enfermedades hereditarias. A partir de esto, es posible el desarrollo de métodos de diagnóstico molecular, prenatal y presintomático, la implementación de medidas preventivas y el diseño de nuevas estrategias terapéuticas. La contribución principal de la genómica residirá en la identificación de genes de susceptibilidad para las enfermedades comunes como infecciosas, diabetes, cáncer, cardiacas, neurológicas y psiquiátricas. Además, las pruebas genéticas permitirán la selección de la farmacoterapia adecuada y el diseño de un tratamiento personalizado. La medicina genómica requiere que los profesionales de la salud, los pacientes y el público en general entiendan los conceptos básicos de la genética y tengan la información necesaria para tomar decisiones con respecto a su forma de vida y conducta reproductiva. Las pruebas genéticas también pueden resultar potencialmente peligrosas debido a diferentes formas de discriminación, por lo que deben ser validadas y legisladas.


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