Gutiérrez-Venegas G, Cardoso-Jiménez P

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 27
Paginas: 41-49
Archivo PDF: 139.26 Kb.

RESUMEN

Las infecciones bacterianas se caracterizan por las reacciones inflamatorias del hospedero a los agentes patógenos. Una posible explicación a este evento es la secreción de citocinas proinflamatorias por parte de las células del hospedero como respuesta a los componentes de la pared celular de bacterias Gram-positivas, en particular al ácido lipoteicoico (ALT). Durante las infecciones bacterianas, las células del hospedero reconocen al ALT a través de dos receptores: CD14 y el receptor tipo Toll 2 (TLR2). La unión del ALT al receptor TLR2 induce la activación de mecanismos de transducción y la secreción de citocinas como la interleucina-1β (IL-1β), la interleucina-6 (IL-6) y el factor de necrosis tumoral-α (TNF-α).
Como importancia clínica señalamos que el aumento en la incidencia de muertes por sepsis y choque séptico ocasionado por bacterias Gram-positivas, las cuales contienen ALT. El ALT al ser liberado por la bacteria promueve el daño de órganos. En esta revisión se describen los receptores del hospedero a los que se asocia ALT y los mecanismos de transducción involucrados en la expresión de citocinas proinflamatorias.

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