Choreño-Parra JA, Carnalla-Cortés M, Flores-Vázquez JC, Ruíz-Rivero CO, Guadarrama-Ortíz P

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 32
Paginas: 83-93
Archivo PDF: 448.02 Kb.

RESUMEN

La precisión es un aspecto fundamental en la realización de la cirugía neurológica que ha sido motivo de intensa investigación durante la historia de la neurocirugía y ha resultado en el desarrollo de tecnologías para la localización de lesiones intracraneales y de medula espinal. El advenimiento de nuevas técnicas de imagen cerebral, así como la disponibilidad de herramientas de orientación espacial han mejorado la capacidad de los neurocirujanos para acceder con exactitud a estructuras cerebrales profundas y realizar operaciones exitosas con el menor riesgo. La neuronavegación constituye una novedosa tecnología incorporada a la práctica de la neurocirugía y permite una visualización en tiempo real de las estructuras intracraneales en un monitor de computadora a partir de reconstrucciones en tercera dimensión obtenidas por estudios de imagen preoperatorios, lo cual facilita el abordaje de diferentes alteraciones fisiológicas y anatómicas cerebrales con una precisión mayor a la lograda por técnicas convencionales. Su creciente disponibilidad obliga a los médicos encargados del cuidado de pacientes con alteraciones neurológicas potencialmente candidatos a cirugía al conocimiento de la técnica, el principio y las aplicaciones de la neuronavegación, así como de las ventajas y desventajas que ofrece dicha tecnología para el tratamiento y pronóstico de diversas enfermedades cerebrales.

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