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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2020, Número 4

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Med Int Mex 2020; 36 (4)


Análisis fenotípico y de factores que afectan el tratamiento en pacientes con síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño y síndrome de apnea posicional del sueño en una población mexicana

Pérez-Ortiz LA, Hernández-Cervantes J, Varela-Blanco J, Alcaraz-Estrada Sl, García S

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 492-501
Archivo PDF: 228.29 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivos: Identificar factores fenotípicos en pacientes con síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño y el subtipo síndrome de apnea posicional obstructiva del sueño, si éstos repercuten en el tratamiento y conocer la condición de los enfermos en casa.
Material y Método: Estudio observacional, analítico y comparativo efectuado del 1 de junio de 2017 al 31 de diciembre de 2018 en el que se analizaron pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño confirmado por polisomnografía. Se dividieron en dos grupos: síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño y síndrome de apnea posicional obstructiva del sueño; se revisaron los expedientes clínicos que incluyeran escalas validadas de sueño; se les contactó telefónicamente para evaluar su condición médica en casa y se comparó con la previa al tratamiento, se documentaron las quejas derivadas del dispositivo de presión positiva continua de aire (CPAP).
Resultados: Se evaluaron 153 pacientes, 62% tenían síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño y 48% síndrome de apnea posicional obstructiva del sueño. No hubo diferencias fenotípicas, a excepción de dislipidemia que fue mayor en enfermos con síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño (p ‹ 0.03). El CPAP fue el tratamiento más prescrito; pese a que en las escalas validadas de síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño hubo mejoría, en el seguimiento telefónico la percepción de los pacientes fue que no la hubo.
Conclusiones: No hubo diferencias fenotípicas, excepto por mayor dislipidemia entre enfermos con síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño; el tratamiento fue similar.


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