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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2020, Número 4

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Med Int Mex 2020; 36 (4)


Consideraciones nutricionales en pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19: lo que el clínico debe saber

Cervantes-Guevara G, Cervantes-Pérez E, Cervantes-Pérez LA, Cervantes-Pérez G, Cervantes-Cardona GA, Ramírez-Ochoa S, Martínez-Soto HMC, Ruiz-Gallardo JI, Silva-González G, Rivas-Rivera F, Robledo-Valdez M

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas: 562-569
Archivo PDF: 227.17 Kb.


RESUMEN

La actual pandemia de SARS-CoV-2 representa un riesgo potencial para los pacientes y para los sistemas de salud en todo el mundo. Los pacientes con comorbilidades, adultos mayores y desnutridos reportan mayor mortalidad entre la población general. Estos pacientes tienen más comúnmente riesgo de desnutrición, lo que representa mayor riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad en sujetos con enfermedades agudas y crónicas. Además, están reportadas estancias intrahospitalarias prolongadas en pacientes con COVID-19 para su estabilización y éstas pueden empeorar directamente o incluso causar desnutrición, con pérdida de la función de la masa muscular y esquelética, lo que lleva a mala calidad de vida y morbilidad adicional. La prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la desnutrición deben incluirse de manera rutinaria en el manejo de todos los pacientes con COVID-19. El propósito de esta revisión es resumir e identificar la evidencia actual en relación con el manejo nutricional. Asimismo, esta revisión se enfoca en los pacientes hospitalizados en áreas no críticas con comorbilidades y adultos mayores, que de manera independiente se asocian con desnutrición y, en consecuencia, tienen efecto negativo en la mortalidad.


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