2021, Number 2
Family functionality in the therapeutics adherence of the patient with systemic arterial hypertension in the first level of attention
Full text
10.35366/100348
Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page: 57-67
PDF size: 177.78 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension and its prevalence in Mexico are one of the main factors of cardiovascular events, directly affecting quality of life. Controlling the disease at the first level of attention constitutes a therapeutic strategy that should encourage the patient to adhere to good treatment. The social environment of the patient is of equal importance, mainly in the familiar environment, providing support and security or, conflicts and problems that affect the evolution of the disease. Objective: To know the family functionality in the therapeutic adherence of the patient with systemic arterial hypertension in the family medicine unit #78 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Material and Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective correlational study was conducted in which sociodemographic variable instruments were applied, as well as the Therapeutic Adherence Scale for Chronic Patients based on Explicit Behaviors, and the test of family functionality perception (FF-SIL), to all hypertensive patients who go to the outpatient clinic of the Family Medicine Unit #78, with prior informed consent. The universe contemplated was 2705 patients, of which a sample of 336 patients was obtained, with a 95% confidence interval for a type I error of 5%, expressed with a value of 0.05. The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS software version 19, presenting the data in a descriptive statistic, which includes percentages for the most common central tendency and dispersion measures. Kruskal Wallis H test and Chi square test were used for the non-parametric intervening variables. When the distribution of both variables was normal, Pearson´s correlation was used, and otherwise Spearman´s correlation was applied. Results: A total population of 336 patients was studied; with a majority age range of 60-69 years. In determination family functionality, there it a trend in the increase on systemic blood pressure related to family dysfunction, with an average blood pressure being 130/78 mmHg in the group that qualify for severely dysfunctional family. Regarding the evolution time, a tendency to increase in years of diagnosis in relation to family dysfunction was observed with an average of 10.2 years of evolution with SAH for those with functional families, in contrast to 12.67 years in a severely dysfunctional family. In the main importance variables for the study, adherence to treatment showed a mean of 76.4 points ± 8.6. 89.6% showed high adherence to treatment and 10.42% showed moderate adherence. The FF-SIL scale showed a frequency of 54% with functional families, 37.2% moderately functional, 7% dysfunctional and 0.9% severely dysfunctional. Conclusions: The study showed that good family functionality promotes and preserves the health of the individual, which is linked to adherence and good attachment to lifestyle changes, having a significant impact on the group and individual well-being of the patient. Given the close relationship observed between therapeutic adherence with the family, it is essential to present a project focused on directing efforts in the field of prevention to health managers.REFERENCES
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