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2020, Number 3-4

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Rev Mex Med Fis Rehab 2020; 32 (3-4)

Congenital muscular torticollis. Update in therapies

Carmona-Espejo A, González-Villén R

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 52-61
PDF size: 264.90 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Congenital muscular torticollis is a benign disease characterized primarily by thickening and shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle that clinically results in limited head tilt and rotation, as well as a mass in the muscle belly of the affected sternocleidomastoid muscle. The etiology is not defined, but there are some hypotheses, such as intrauterine malposition, fibrosis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, or neurogenic involvement. Diagnosis is clinical and involves evaluation of incorrect head and neck movement, palpation of the sternocleidomastoid, and measurement of range of motion in neck rotation (where 100o is normal in infants) and lateral flexion (where 65o is normal). Early diagnosis is essential to start therapy as soon as possible, thus avoiding the thickening and shortening of the sternocleidomastoid that causes numerous sequelae if not treated in time. With regard to treatment, physical therapy is the fundamental pillar, which should be started as soon as possible, but currently other treatments are emerging that could be effective and/or complementary to said therapy.


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