Gonzalez-Altamirano DA, De la Cruz-Villalpando BE, Muñoz-Hernández OS, Córtes-Rodriguez CO

Language: Spanish
References: 10
Page: 178-184
PDF size: 458.50 Kb.

ABSTRACT

DRESS syndrome (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) is a serious idiosyncratic reaction secondary to the administration of a drug, presenting a long latency period (2-8 weeks) and a variety of clinical manifestations (fever, skin rash, lymphadenopathy, eosinophilia).
Aromatic anticonvulsants (phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine) and sulfonamides are the most common cause. Worldwide, it has an estimated incidence of 1 in 1,000-10,000 drug exposures with an incidence of 0.4 cases per 1,000,000 population.
Th e pathogenesis is not exactly known and it is suggested that it is due to an excess of toxic metabolites caused by genetic or environmental alterations in the pharmacological detoxifi cation pathway.
Every patient in whom there is suspicion should be evaluated with the RegiSCAR scale (Registry of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reaction), in addition to the physical examination, laboratory and cabinet studies.
Th e fi rst step in the treatment is to discontinue the related medication. In case of severe symptoms, systemic steroids should be administered. Reported mortality ranges from 3.7 to 10%.
On this occasion, we present the case of a woman who, aft er taking an anticonvulsant drug, begins with a systemic reaction, requiring hospital care, fulfi lling confi rmatory criteria for the disease, due to the severity of the condition, systemic steroids are started with signifi cant improvement aft er 48 hours what was decided his discharge with surveillance.

REFERENCES

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