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Boletín Clínico de la Asociación Médica del Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora

2021, Number 2

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Bol Clin Hosp Infant Edo Son 2021; 38 (2)

Methods to reduce pain during the application of vaccines in children

Marcos-Cabrera L, Alonso-Pérez NC, Reyes-Gómez U, Echeverría-Mayrén C, Reyes-Hernández KL, Yalaupari-Mejía JP, Arellano-Galindo J, Miguel-Reyes A, Reyes-Hernández MU, López-Cruz G, Quero-Hernández A, Soria-Saavedra FM

Language: Spanish
References: 16
Page: 133-142
PDF size: 189.31 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Vaccination is the most painful medical procedure performed in healthy children and adolescents, the most frequent via of administration is intramuscular. The pain generates phobia towards needles, increasing the rejection to this type of procedure. Thus, it is necessary to improve pain management techniques, starting with the recognition of pain. Currently, available pharmacological and non-pharmacological procedures help in the management of acute pain in children. The aim is to make vaccination less stressful and to achieve greater adherence to recommended vaccination schedules. We can use preventive measures such as topical anesthesia with Lidocaine, EMLA cream, and others, with the advantage that it can be used at any age, in addition, oral medications such as ibuprofen have proven effective with no effects on the immune response. As for non-pharmacological measures, breastfeeding and offering sweet-tasting solutions in case of not being able to breastfeed, can be easily adopted for vaccination worldwide.
Although no single intervention is expected to completely prevent pain caused by elective needle procedures, there are at least four options that should be offered to children at all times: topical anesthesia, comfortable position, breastfeeding in children under 12 months, and some distractor according to age.


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