2021, Number 2
<< Back Next >>
Acta de Otorrinolaringología CCC 2021; 49 (2)
COVID-19 pandemic effects on otolaryngologist’s mental health in Hispanoamerica
Osorio-Anaya S, Molina-Villar H, Uribe-Escobar A, Ochoa-Martelo MC
Language: Spanish
References: 35
Page: 121-128
PDF size: 192.74 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic could affect the mental health, especially
to the health workforce directly exposed to the virus. ENT surgeons have one
of the highest risks of exposure and infection by SARS-CoV-2.
Methods: Crosssectional
study in otolaryngologists from Hispanoamerica. Socioeconomic and
demographic variables were evaluated with the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 score.
Results:
256 ENT surgeons from sixteen Hispanoamerican countries were studied. The PHQ-
9 scale presented an average of 5.45 (SD 4.22). The GAD-7 score presented an
average of 4.55 (SD 3.457). The prevalence of major depression and generalized
anxiety disorders were 14.8 % and 7 %, respectively. In the multivariate analysis,
the otolaryngologists who have been tested by nasopharyngeal swab have a significant
prediction to present a higher score on the PHQ-9 score (coefficient β = 2.350,
p=0.027), while on the GAD-7 score, older individuals have a significant prediction
of lower score (coefficient β = -0.144, p=0.002). Otolaryngologists with more years
of experience (coefficient β = 0.909, p=0.037) and those who have undergone RTPCR
testing with nasopharyngeal swab have a significant prediction to present a
higher GAD-7 (coefficient β = 2.370, p = 0.027).
Conclusion: During the pandemic,
otolaryngologists in Hispanoamerica have presented drastic changes in their social
and economic conditions, and their potential effects on mental health. Exposure to
the nasopharyngeal swab test for the diagnosis of COVID-19 was the only independent
variable that was associated with higher scores on GAD-7 and PHQ-9.
REFERENCES
Cucinotta, D. and M. Vanelli, WHO Declares COVID-19a Pandemic. Acta Biomed, 2020. 91(1): p. 157-160 DOI:10.23750/abm.v91i1.9397.
Burki, T., COVID-19 in Latin America. The Lancet. Infectiousdiseases, 2020. 20(5): p. 547-548 DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30303-0.
Liu, Z. and L. Zhang, At the center of the COVID-19 pandemic:Lessons learned for otolaryngology-head and neck surgery inChina. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol, 2020. 10(5): p. 584-586 DOI:10.1002/alr.22585.
Chen, N., et al., Epidemiological and clinical characteristicsof 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan,China: a descriptive study. Lancet, 2020. 395(10223): p. 507-513 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7.
Chan, J.F., et al., A familial cluster of pneumonia associatedwith the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-persontransmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet, 2020.395(10223): p. 514-523 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30154-9.
Huang, C., et al., Clinical features of patients infected with 2019novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, 2020. 395(10223):p. 497-506 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5.
Kowalski, L.P., et al., COVID-19 pandemic: Effects andevidence-based recommendations for otolaryngology and headand neck surgery practice. Head Neck, 2020. 42(6): p. 1259-1267 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26164.
Chan, J.Y.K., E.W.Y. Wong, and W. Lam, Practical Aspectsof Otolaryngologic Clinical Services During the 2019 NovelCoronavirus Epidemic: An Experience in Hong Kong.JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2020 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0488.
Patel, Z.M., et al., Letter: Precautions for Endoscopic TransnasalSkull Base Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Neurosurgery, 2020. 87(1): p. E66-e67 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa125.
Civantos, A.M., et al., Mental health among head and necksurgeons in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic: A nationalstudy. Am J Otolaryngol, 2020. 41(6): p. 102694 DOI:10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102694.
Prasad, A., et al., Snapshot Impact of COVID-19 on MentalWellness in Nonphysician Otolaryngology Health CareWorkers: A National Study. OTO Open, 2020. 4(3): p.2473974X20948835 DOI: 10.1177/2473974X20948835.
Lu, W., et al., Psychological status of medical workforceduring the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.Psychiatry Res, 2020. 288: p. 112936 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112936.
Tian, F., et al., Psychological symptoms of ordinary Chinesecitizens based on SCL-90 during the level I emergencyresponse to COVID-19. Psychiatry Res, 2020. 288: p. 112992DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112992.
Chevance, A., et al., Ensuring mental health care duringthe SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France: A narrative review.Encephale, 2020. 46(3): p. 193-201 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.005.
Crespo-Facorro, B., Mental health and the SARS-CoV-2pandemic. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment (Engl Ed), 2020. 13(2): p.55-56 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.04.010.
Huang, Y. and N. Zhao, Generalized anxiety disorder, depressivesymptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak inChina: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Res,2020. 288: p. 112954 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954.
Kang, L., et al., Impact on mental health and perceptions ofpsychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhanduring the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A crosssectionalstudy. Brain Behav Immun, 2020. 87: p. 11-7 DOI:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.028.
Liu, X., et al., Depression after exposure to stressful events:lessons learned from the severe acute respiratory syndromeepidemic. Compr Psychiatry, 2012. 53(1): p. 15-23 DOI:10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.02.003.
Shreffler, J., J. Petrey, and M. Huecker, The Impact ofCOVID-19 on Healthcare Worker Wellness: A Scoping Review.West J Emerg Med, 2020. 21(5): p. 1059-1066 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2020.7.48684.
Asmundson, G.J.G. and S. Taylor, How health anxiety influencesresponses to viral outbreaks like COVID-19: What all decisionmakers,health authorities, and health care professionals need toknow. J Anxiety Disord, 2020. 71: p. 102211 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102211.
Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, A., Assessing the anxiety level ofIranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian JPsychiatr, 2020. 51: p. 102076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076.
Ahmed, M.Z., et al., Epidemic of COVID-19 in China andassociated Psychological Problems. Asian J Psychiatr, 2020.51: p. 102092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102092.
Lai, J., et al., Factors Associated With Mental Health OutcomesAmong Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease2019. JAMA Netw Open, 2020. 3(3): p. e203976 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.
Kroenke, K., R.L. Spitzer, and J.B. Williams, The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J GenIntern Med, 2001. 16(9): p. 606-13 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x.
Baader, T., Validity and utility of PHQ9 (Patient HelthQuestionnarie) in the diagnosis of depression in user patients ofprimary care in Chile. Rev Chil Neuro-Psiquiat, 2012.
Spitzer, R.L., et al., A brief measure for assessing generalizedanxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med, 2006. 166(10):p. 1092-7 DOI: 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092.
García-Campayo, J., et al., Cultural adaptation into Spanish ofthe generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale as a screeningtool. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2010. 8(8).
Givi, B., et al., Safety Recommendations for Evaluationand Surgery of the Head and Neck During the COVID-19Pandemic. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2020 DOI:10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0780.
Pappa, S., et al., Prevalence of depression, anxiety, andinsomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain BehavImmun, 2020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.026.
Xiao, X., et al., Psychological impact of healthcare workersin China during COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic: A multicentercross-sectional survey investigation. Journal ofAffective Disorders, 2020. 274: p. 405-410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.081.
Ibanez-Vizoso, J.E., I. Alberdi-Paramo, and M. Diaz-Marsa,International Mental Health perspectives on the novelcoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Rev Psiquiatr SaludMent (Engl Ed), 2020. 13(2): p. 111-113 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.04.002.
Civantos, A.M., et al., Mental health among otolaryngologyresident and attending physicians during the COVID-19pandemic: National study. Head Neck, 2020. 42(7): p. 1597-1609 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26292.
Firew, T., et al., Protecting the front line: a cross-sectionalsurvey analysis of the occupational factors contributing tohealthcare workers’ infection and psychological distress duringthe COVID-19 pandemic in the USA. BMJ Open, 2020. 10(10):p. e042752 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042752.
Hossain, M.M., et al., Epidemiology of mental health problemsin COVID-19: a review. F1000Res, 2020. 9: p. 636 DOI:10.12688/f1000research.24457.1.
Vindegaard, N. and M.E. Benros, COVID-19 pandemic andmental health consequences: Systematic review of the currentevidence. Brain Behav Immun, 2020. 89: p. 531-542 DOI:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.048.