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Órgano Oficial de difusión científica de la Asociación Mexicana de Cirujanos de Columna A. C.

2023, Number 4

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Cir Columna 2023; 1 (4)

Spinal osteochondroma; overview and basic concepts

Hinojosa MLM, Calderón VJR, Villalvazo BA

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 227-231
PDF size: 186.54 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: osteochondromas represent 10% of all bone neoplasms and 35% of benign bone lesions, making it the most frequent benign bone tumor; however, there is a low incidence of involvement in the spine, showing a greater predilection within the axial skeleton in the cervical segment. Osteochondroma is defined as an osteocartilaginous exostosis with cortical and medullary continuity contiguous to that of the bone of origin, the great majority presenting in its solitary form; however, a lower percentage of multiple affectations can also be observed as part of an autosomal dominant genetic pattern, mostly related to mutations of the EXT 1 and 2 genes. Diagnostic: the clinical presentation will depend on the location of the osteochondroma and the existence of some degree of compression to the spinal cord, being able to be detected in an incidental manner to the appearance of neurological symptoms. Multiple diagnostic tools are available, including radiography, computed axial tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, visualizing it as an exophytic lesion with cortical and spinal cord continuity, however, the definitive diagnosis will be made using a pathology study. Treatment: the treatment will depend on the presence or absence of symptomatology and will be based on the total resection of the lesion to avoid recurrences.


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