medigraphic.com
ISSN 0185-3325 (Print)
Órgano Oficial del Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz

2024, Number 4

<< Back Next >>

Salud Mental 2024; 47 (4)

Stress, Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms in Older Adults: Temporal Trend and Relationship with COVID-19

Marinho PI, Vaz AT, Queiroz RA, Toledo ME, Moura OD, Mitre CRM, Bezerra CR, Moreira TR

Language: English
References: 46
Page: 161-170
PDF size: 234.33 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction. Although studies have demonstrated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, those correlating COVID-19 statistics with the psychosocial repercussions in older adults are as yet incipient. Objective. Evaluate the screening of stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms in older adults throughout the pandemic and their relationship with the occurrence and severity metrics of COVID-19. Method. An ecological, time-series, web-based survey study was conducted in the population aged 60 and over who use digital media. Data collection was undertaken between July 2020 and January 2021 in eight Brazilian cities and included 2,712 older adults. Results. There was an upward trend in anxiety and depression symptoms in Brasília-DF, and a downward trend in these symptoms in Divinópolis-MG. It was also possible to identify correlations between mental disorder symptom scores and COVID-19 occurrence and severity metrics in two of the cities evaluated. Discussion and conclusion. This study is one of the first to explore the relationship between COVID-19 indicators and mental health variables in older adults, showing that changes in the occurrence and severity metrics of the Novel Coronavirus may be followed by changes in the frequency of mental health problems in this population.


REFERENCES

  1. Aguiar, A., Maia, I., Duarte, R., & Pinto, M. (2022). The other side of COVID-19:Preliminary results of a descriptive study on the COVID-19-related psychologicalimpact and social determinants in Portugal residents. Journal of AffectiveDisorders Reports, 7, 100294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100294

  2. Almeida, O. P., & Almeida, S. A. (1999). Confiabilidade da versão brasileirada Escala de Depressão em Geriatria (GDS) versão reduzida. Arquivosde Neuro-Psiquiatria, 57(2B), 421-426. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X1999000300013

  3. Armitage, R., & Nellums, L. B. (2020). COVID-19 and the consequences of isolatingthe elderly. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30061-X

  4. Balanzá-Martínez, V., Kapczinski, F., de Azevedo Cardoso, T., Atienza-Carbonell, B.,Rosa, A. R., Mota, J. C., & De Boni, R. B. (2021). The assessment of lifestylechanges during the COVID-19 pandemic using a multidimensional scale.Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, 14(1), 16-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.07.003

  5. 5.Bareeqa, S. B., Ahmed, S. I., Samar, S. S., Yasin, W., Zehra, S., Monese, G. M., &Gouthro, R. V. (2021). Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in chinaduring COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review with meta-analysis. TheInternational Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 56(4), 210-227. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091217420978005

  6. Bezerra Cavalcante, R., da Costa Carbogim, F., Fávero Bulgarelli, A., Mello dosSantos, C., Queiroz Ribeiro, A., Carvalho Pinto, I., Machado Zacharias, F. C.,Aparecida Fabriz, L., Moura de Oliveira, D., Toledo de Mendonça, E., RicardoMoreira, T., Miranda Machado, R., Ribeiro Bitencourt, G., Alfradique deSouza, P., Fereira Santana, R., Cabreira Panitz Cruz, G. E., Rezende Freitas, E.,Salmazo da Silva, H., Viana Cruz, F., … Alves de Araújo Püschel, V. (2022).Repercussões da infodemia associada ao COVID-19 na saúde mental do idosono Brasil. Revista Cubana de Información en Ciencias de la Salud, 33, 1-26.Retrieved from http://www.rcics.sld.cu/index.php/acimed/article/view/1871

  7. Bohlken, J., Kostev, K., Riedel-Heller, S., Hoffmann, W., & Michalowsky, B. (2021).Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on stress, anxiety, and depressive disorders inGerman primary care: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Psychiatric Research,143, 43-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.08.016

  8. Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A Global Measure of PerceivedStress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385-396. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136404

  9. Costa, B. R. L. (2018). Bola de Neve Virtual: O Uso das Redes Sociais Virtuais noProcesso de Coleta de Dados de uma Pesquisa Científica. Revista Interdisciplinarde Gestão Social, 7(1), 15-37. https://doi.org/10.9771/23172428rigs.v7i1.24649

  10. COVID-19 Mental Disorders Collaborators. (2021). Global prevalence and burdenof depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 dueto the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet (London, England), 398(10312), 1700-1712. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02143-7

  11. Das, S., Arun, P., Rohilla, R., Parashar, K., & Roy, A. (2021). Anxiety and depressionin the elderly due to COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study. Middle East CurrentPsychiatry, 28(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-021-00145-1Stress, Depression, and Anxiety in Older AdultsSalud Mental, Vol. 47, Issue 4, July-August 2024 169

  12. Di Renzo, L., Gualtieri, P., Pivari, F., Soldati, L., Attinà, A., Cinelli, G., Leggeri, C.,Caparello, G., Barrea, L., Scerbo, F., Esposito, E., & De Lorenzo, A. (2020).Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: an Italiansurvey. Journal of Translational Medicine, 18(1), 229. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-020-02399-5

  13. Dubey, S., Biswas, P., Ghosh, R., Chatterjee, S., Dubey, M. J., Chatterjee, S., Lahiri,D., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetes &Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 14(5), 779-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.035

  14. Fhon, J. R. S., Costa, P. C. da, Cardoso, T. S., Lima, E. F. C., & Püschel, V. A. deA. (2022). Depressive symptoms and associated factors in older people duringthe COVID-19 pandemic in the city of São Paulo-SP. Revista Brasileirade Geriatria e Gerontologia, 25(6), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562022025.220035.en

  15. FIOCRUZ. (2020). MonitoraCovid-19 chega ao fim de 2020 com 42 mil usuáriosassíduo. Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica emSaúde (ICICT). Access date May 24, 2022 https://portal.fiocruz.br/noticia/monitoracovid-19-chega-ao-fim-de-2020-com-42-mil-usuarios-assiduos

  16. Hossain, M. M., Tasnim, S., Sultana, A., Faizah, F., Mazumder, H., Zou, L.,McKyer, E. L. J., Ahmed. H. U., & Ma, P. (2020). Epidemiology of mentalhealth problems in COVID-19: a review. F1000Research, 9, 636. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24457.1

  17. Hosseinzadeh, P., Zareipour, M., Baljani, E., & Moradali, M. R. (2022). SocialConsequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic. A Systematic Review. Investigacióny Educación en Enfermería, 40(1), e10. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v40n1e10

  18. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística [IBGE]. (2020). Estimativas daPopulação. IBGE. Retrieved from https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/sociais/populacao/9103-estimativas-de-populacao.html?=&t=downloads - Access dateMay 24, 2022

  19. Jemal, K., Geleta, T. A., Deriba, B. S., & Awol, M. (2021). Anxiety and depressionsymptoms in older adults during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic:A community-based cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Medicine, 9,205031212110400. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121211040050

  20. Kitamura, E. S., Cavalcante, R. B., Castro, E. A. B. de, & Leite, I. C. G. (2022).Infodemia de covid-19 em idosos com acesso a mídias digitais: fatores associadosa alterações psicopatológicas. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia,25(6), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562022025.220016pt

  21. Kurniawidjaja, M., Susilowati, I. H., Erwandi, D., Kadir, A., Hasiholan, B. P.,& Al Ghiffari, R. (2022). Identification of Depression Among ElderlyDuring COVID-19. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 13,

  22. 21501319221085380. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150131922108538021. Luft, C. D. B., Sanches, S. de O., Mazo, G. Z., & Andrade, A. (2007). Versãobrasileira da Escala de Estresse Percebido: tradução e validação para idosos.Revista de Saúde Pública, 41(4), 606-615. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102007000400015

  23. Machado, M. B., Ignácio, Z. M., Jornada, L. K., Réus, G. Z., Abelaira, H. M., Arent,C. O., Schwalm, M. T., Ceretta, R. A., Ceretta, L. B., & Quevedo, J. (2016).Prevalência de transtornos ansiosos e algumas comorbidades em idosos: umestudo de base populacional. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 65(1), 28-35.https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000100

  24. Martiny, C., Silva, A. C. de O. e, Nardi, A. E., & Pachana, N. A. (2011). Traduçãoe adaptação transcultural da versão brasileira do Inventário de AnsiedadeGeriátrica (GAI). Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo), 38(1), 08-12.https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-60832011000100003

  25. Massena, P. N. (2014). Estudo de validação do Inventário de Ansiedade Geriátrica.Porto Alegre: Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre.Retrieved from https://repositorio.ufcspa.edu.br/jspui/bitstream/123456789/286/1/%5bDISSERTA%c3%87%c3%83O%5d%20Massena%2c%20Patr%c3%adcia%20Nitschke

  26. Ministério da Saúde. (n.d.). Painel de casos de doença pelo coronavírus 2019(COVID-19) no Brasil. Retrieved from https://covid.saude.gov.br/ - Access dateMay 24, 2022

  27. Morin, C. M., Bjorvatn, B., Chung, F., Holzinger, B., Partinen, M., Penzel, T., Ivers,H., Wing, Y. K., Chan, N. Y., Merikanto, I., Mota-Rolim, S., Macêdo, T., DeY. K., Chan, N. Y., Merikanto, I., Mota-Rolim, S., Macêdo, T., DeGennaro., L., Léger, D., Dauvilliers, Y., Plazzi, G., Nadorff, M. R., Bolstad,C. J.Sieminski, M., ... Espie, C. A. (2021). Insomnia, anxiety, and depressionduring the COVID-19 pandemic: an international collaborative study. SleepMedicine, 87, 38-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.07.035

  28. Organização Pan-americana da Saúde [OPAS]. (2020). Entenda a infodemia e adesinformação na luta contra a COVID-19. Retrieved from https://iris.paho.org/bitstream/handle/10665.2/52054/Factsheet-Infodemic_por.pdf?sequence=16

  29. Pachana, N. A., Byrne, G. J., Siddle, H., Koloski, N., Harley, E., & Arnold, E. (2007).Development and validation of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory. InternationalPsychogeriatrics, 19(1), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610206003504

  30. Paradela, E. M. P., Lourenço, R. A., & Veras, R. P. (2005). Validação da escala dedepressão geriátrica em um ambulatório geral. Revista de Saúde Pública, 39(6),918-923. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102005000600008

  31. Pedreira Massa, J. L. (2020). Mental Health and COVID-19 in children andadolescents: psychopathologycal and Public Health approach. Revista Espanolade Salud Publica, 94, e202010141. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33063746

  32. Quadros, S., Garg, S., Ranjan, R., Vijayasarathi, G., & Mamun, M. A. (2021). Fear ofCOVID 19 Infection Across Different Cohorts: A Scoping Review. Frontiers inPsychiatry, 12, 708430. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.708430

  33. Rasheed, R., Rizwan, A., Javed, H., Sharif, F., & Zaidi, A. (2021). Socio-economicand environmental impacts of COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan - an integratedanalysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 19926-19943.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12070-7/Published

  34. Rathore, F., & Farooq, F. (2020). Information Overload and Infodemic in theCOVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 70(3), 162-165. https://doi.org/10.5455/JPMA.38

  35. Rogers, J. P., Chesney, E., Oliver, D., Pollak, T. A., McGuire, P., Fusar-Poli,P., Zandi, M. S., Lewis, G., & David, A. S. (2020). Psychiatric andneuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections:a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19pandemic. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(7), 611-627. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30203-0

  36. Romero, D. E., Muzy, J., Damacena, G. N., Souza, N. A. de, Almeida, W. da S. de,Szwarcwald, C. L., Malta, D. C., Barros, M. B. D. A., Souza Júnior, P. R. B.de., Azevedo, L. O., Gracie, R., Pina, M. D. F. de., Lima, M. G., Machado,Í. E., Gomes, C. S., Werneck, A. O., & Silva, D. R. P. da. (2021). Idosos nocontexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil: efeitos nas condições desaúde, renda e trabalho. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 37(3), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00216620

  37. Ross, J. de R., Safádi, M. A. P., Marinelli, N. P., Albuquerque, L. P. de A., Batista,F. M. de A., & Rodrigues, M. T. P. (2021). FakenewsandinfodemiaintimesofCOVID-19 in Brazil: Ministryofhealthindicators. Revista Mineira deEnfermagem, 25, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.5935/1415.2762.20210029

  38. Sanar. (2020). Linha do tempo do Coronavírus no Brasil (March 19). Sanar. Retrievedfrom https://www.sanarmed.com/linha-do-tempo-do-coronavirus-no-brasil -Access date August 8, 2022

  39. Santos, C. M. dos ., Frichembruder, K., Severo, M. B., Gehrke, G. H., Cavalcante,R. B., & Bulgarelli, A. F.. (2022). Cefaleia em idosos brasileiros no contexto deinfodemia de covid-19. Revista Brasileira De Geriatria E Gerontologia, 25(6),e210240. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562021024.210240.pt

  40. Santos, D. R. dos., & Castro, J. M. de. (2013). Jornalismo do interior: características,estigmas e seu papel na sociedade. Universidade Federal Do Rio GrandeDo Sul. Retrieved from http://www.ufrgs.br/alcar/encontros-nacionais-1/9oencontro-2013/artigos/gt-historia-do-jornalismo/jornalismo-do-interiorcaracteristicas-estigmas-e-seu-papel-na-sociedade

  41. Silva, P. A. dos S. da, Rocha, S. V., Santos, L. B., Santos, C. A. dos, Amorim, C. R.,& Vilela, A. B. A. (2018). Prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns e fatoresassociados entre idosos de um município do Brasil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva,23(2), 639-646. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018232.12852016

  42. Srifuengfung, M., Thana-udom, K., Ratta-apha, W., Chulakadabba, S.,Sanguanpanich, N., & Viravan, N. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemicon older adults living in long-term care centers in Thailand, and risk factors forpost-traumatic stress, depression, and anxiety. Journal of Affective Disorders,295, 353-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.044

  43. Valente, J. (2020). Governo do Distrito Federal anuncia reabertura de bares eescolas - July 2. Agência Brasil. Retrieved from https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/saude/noticia/2020-07/covid-19-governo-de-brasilia-anuncia-reabertura-debares-e-escolas - Access date August 9, 2022

  44. Werneck, G. L., & Carvalho, M. S. (2020). A pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil:crônica de uma crise sanitária anunciada. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 36(5),1-4. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00068820

  45. Xiong, J., Lipsitz, O., Nasri, F., Lui, L. M. W., Gill, H., Phan, L., Chen-Li, D.,Iacobucci, M., Ho, R., Majeed, A., & McIntyre, R. S. (2020). Impact ofCOVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematicreview. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.001

  46. Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V.O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale:A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com