2024, Number 08
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Med Int Mex 2024; 40 (08)
COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccines: qu’est-ce que c’est?
Mercado U
Language: Spanish
References: 8
Page: 531-534
PDF size: 268.51 Kb.
ABSTRACT
An outbreak of atypical pneumonia emerged towards the end of December 2019 in
the city of Wuhan, China, which became a pandemic. A new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2
or COVID-19) was identified as the causative agent and the viral genome sequence
was obtained in the first week of January 2020. In general, coronaviruses contain
a single strand of ribonucleic acid (RNA) of positive polarity, which is identical to
the messenger RNA that carries the DNA instructions to the ribosomes for protein
synthesis. The viral genome encodes 4 structural proteins (M, E, N and S), of which
the S (spike) protein binds to the ACE-2 receptor to enter the cell cytoplasm. When
RNA encoding protein S encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles is injected, cells will
take it up and produce the protein in large quantities (1000 to 100,000 proteins). The
S protein is the target of the COVID-19 mRNA based-vaccines to generate immune
response with › 90% efficacy.
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