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ISSN 2539-0859 (Electronic)
ISSN 0120-8411 (Print)
Asociación Colombiana de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y cuello, Maxilofacial y Estética Facial (ACORL)

2024, Number 4

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Acta de Otorrinolaringología CCC 2024; 52 (4)

Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Pediatrics

Saracino-Freitag D, Prieto AEV, Cruz HS, Amado-Galeano S, Ramírez-Merlano SA

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 509-532
PDF size: 725.54 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the pediatric population is a disorder characterized by episodes of total or partial obstruction of the upper airway, which are associated with alterations in blood gas levels and atypical sleep patterns. This condition can have significant repercussions, including behavioral problems, learning difficulties, growth delays, speech impairments, and cardiovascular complications.
Unlike adults, children tend to snore less frequently, and any episode of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in this population is considered pathological. From a diagnostic perspective, an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) greater than 1 event per hour is already classified as abnormal in pediatrics. Additionally, children with OSA have a higher risk of developing metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, nocturnal enuresis, and excessive daytime sleepiness. These alterations increase the use of medical services and the associated healthcare costs.
It is essential to identify and implement appropriate therapeutic interventions in this population to reduce comorbidities and the long-term consequences of this condition.


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