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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2025, Number 6

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2025; 93 (6)

Polycystic ovary syndrome and mental disorders: Umbrella review

Espinoza Morales DI, Valenzuela GJ, Baltazar BMP, Estrada SCM, Zazueta CA, Lugo-Machado JA

Language: Spanish
References: 61
Page: 221-239
PDF size: 271.46 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Several studies have associated polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with the development of mental disorders, particularly anxiety and depression. However, limited research has explored its connection with other disorders, such as eating disorders or sleep disorders.
Objective: To describe the relationship between PCOS and mental disorders published in the literature over the past five years.
Methodology: A systematic review was conducted independently by two researchers following the PRISMA methodology to evaluate the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), anxiety, depression, eating disorders and sleep disorders. The search was performed in databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Mendeley, and Google Scholar, covering the period from January 2020 to September 2024. Systematic reviews in English related to PCOS, anxiety, and depression were included. Articles in other languages or with different designs were excluded.
Results: Several studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of mental disorders among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with anxiety and depression being particularly prominent. Anxiety affects approximately 37% of this population, while depression is present in up to 42%, with a relative risk of depression 2.58 times higher compared to women without PCOS. Regarding psychiatric disorders, it has been reported that women with bipolar disorder exhibit a PCOS prevalence ranging from 4.2% to 23%. Among women with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the prevalence of PCOS reaches 7.8%, and in the case of eating disorders, particularly bulimia nervosa, a PCOS prevalence of 16.6% has been documented.
Conclusion: The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), sleep disorders, mental health, and eating disorders is evident, emphasizing the need for an integrated approach to treatment. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms and develop interventions addressing both physical and psychological symptoms.


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