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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2025, Number 06

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Med Int Mex 2025; 41 (06)

Analysis of therapeutic options for aplasia and the most frequent hematological neoplasms in Mexico

Ruiz DGJ, Gómez AD, López KX, Aguayo GA, León RE, Gutiérrez ACH, Ruiz AGJ

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 343-358
PDF size: 438.12 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Therapeutic strategies in hematological diseases such as multiple myeloma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, aplastic anemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) have presented important changes in the last years.
Objective: To analyze different therapeutic options and their applicability in Mexico.
Methodology: Bibliographic review by expert hematologists in each area who analyzed the applicability of new treatments in Mexico.
Results: In multiple myeloma, the most accessible scheme that continues to be useful is thalidomide and dexamethasone, with a favorable response in more than 90% of patients. In acute lymphoblastic leukemia there are new therapies, but they are expensive; allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation remains an effective and lower cost method. In acute myeloblastic leukemia there are new effective drugs such as hypomethylating agents combined with venetoclax or FLT3 inhibitors. In aplastic anemia, according to the characteristics of the patient and severity of the disease, there are therapeutic options ranging from immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory agents to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. In non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphomas there are new drugs: obinutuzumab, ibrutinib, brentuximab and checkpoint inhibitors; however, conventional chemotherapy regimens continue to be a frequently used option in our country.
Conclusions: Many of the new therapeutic options are high cost; however, traditional regimens and transplantation continue to be effective options in many patients.


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