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Asociación Mexicana de Periodontología, Colegio de Periodoncistas A.C

2024, Number 1-3

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Rev Mex Periodontol 2024; 15 (1-3)

The role of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the pathogenesis of periodontitis: an updated review

Sánchez-Rivera SO, Sánchez-de RSV, Lazalde-Ramos BP, Gómez-Meda BC, Ortiz-García YM, Guerrero-Velázquez C, Zamora-Pérez AL

Language: Spanish
References: 48
Page: 22-29
PDF size: 350.80 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with the accumulation of biofilm, leading to the destruction of periodontal tissues. This process involves an exacerbated immune response and the production of proinflammatory cytokines that accelerate bone and tissue degradation. Among the factors involved in cellular defense against the stress caused by this disease, heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP70, stand out due to their multifaceted role in regulating inflammation and maintaining periodontal homeostasis. HSP70 acts as a molecular chaperone by protecting the cell against oxidative damage and ensuring proper protein folding. Additionally, this protein can modulate the immune response by increasing cytokine production and regulating the activity of inflammatory factors such as NF-κβ. Some studies have shown differences in HSP70 levels in patients with periodontitis, suggesting its potential use as a biomarker to assess disease severity and the effectiveness of periodontal treatment. HSP70 also contributes to tissue regeneration by promoting angiogenesis and the repair of affected tissues. However, its overexpression may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic periodontal lesions, highlighting the dual nature of its function. On the other hand, inhibition of HSP70 could negatively affect wound healing and increase cellular apoptosis, underlining its clinical relevance in the context of periodontal disease. Conclusion: HSP70 plays a crucial role in the response to stress and periodontal inflammation, acting as a link between pathogenesis and tissue regeneration. Furthermore, it holds potential as a biomarker for monitoring therapeutic progress and for the diagnosis of periodontal disease.


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