2023, Number 1
Clinical-epidemiological characterization of monkeypox infection
Full text
Language: Spanish
References: 28
Page: 1-15
PDF size: 464.34 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: monkeypox virus is a rare viral zoonotic disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans and between people.Objective: to expose the epidemiological distribution, the clinical, diagnostic and treatment characteristics, as well as the preventive actions.
Methods: a systematic bibliographic review was carried out, for which 36 sources in Spanish and English were consulted, of which 28 were selected, which met the inclusion criteria. Historical-logical and analytical-synthetic methods were used to develop a critical assessment of the content of documents published between 2020-2022. The search strategy included the review of the SCIELO, LILACS, PUBMED, MEDLINE databases and the Google Scholar search engine. The search strategy included the review of the SCIELO, LILACS, PUBMED, MEDLINE databases and the Google Scholar search engine.
Development: The largest documented outbreak occurred in Nigeria in 2017. The incubation period varies between five and 21 days; Transmission occurs through direct or indirect contact with body fluids, blood, or skin and mucous membrane lesions. It begins with fever, headache, rash, muscle aches, lymphadenopathy, and fatigue. Complications include secondary infections, bronchopneumonia, septic syndrome. Polymerase chain reaction is the confirmatory diagnosis.
Conclusions: the clinical characterization of the monkeypox virus is difficult during the initial phase, unless the person is a close contact of an already identified case. Knowledge of the epidemiological situation, active surveillance and the effective development of health promotion and prevention actions are tools to control the spread of the disease.
REFERENCES
Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades de Estados Unidos (US CDC). Los CDC y los aliados en salud responden al caso de la viruela símica en los Estados Unidos. [Internet]. 2022 [citado 20 Jun 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/mediosdecomunicacion/comunicados/d_viruela-simica_051822.html
Naranjo J. La viruela del mono en África: una vieja conocida con miles de casos al año y decenas de muertos. Periódico EL PAÍS [Internet]. 2022 [citado 20 Jun 2022]. Disponible en: https://elpais.com/sociedad/2022-05-23/la-viruela-del-mono-en-africa-una-vieja-conocida-con-miles-de-casos-al-ano-y-decenas-de-muertos.html
Berthet N, Descorps-Declère S, Besombes C, Curaudeau M, Nkili Meyong AA, Selekon B, et al. Genomic history of human monkey pox infections in the Central African Republic between 2001 and 2018. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2021 [citado 20 Jun 2022];111(1):[aprox. 11 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8219716/pdf/41598_2021_Article_92315.pdf
Bunge EM, Hoet B, Chen L, Lienert F, Weidenthaler H, Baer LR, et al. The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox-A potential threat? A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis [Internet] 2022 [citado 20 Jun 2022];16(2):[aprox. 20 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8870502/pdf/pntd.0010141.pdf
Eltvedt AK, Christiansen M, Poulsen A. A Case Report of Monkeypox in a 4-Year-Old Boy from the DR Congo: Challenges of Diagnosis and Management. Case Rep Pediatr [Internet]. 2020 [citado 20 Jun 2022];2020:[aprox 9 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7171673/pdf/CRIPE2020-8572596.pdf
Harapan H, Setiawan AM, Yufika A, Anwar S, Wahyuni S, Asrizal FW, et al. Confidence in managing human monkeypox cases in Asia: A cross-sectional survey among general practitioners in Indonesia. Acta Trop [Internet]. 2020 [citado 25 May 2022];206:[aprox. 8 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7111046/pdf/main.pdf
Hughes CM, Liu L, Davidson WB, Radford KW, Wilkins K, Monroe B, et al. A Tale of Two Viruses: Coinfections of Monkeypox and Varicella Zoster Virus in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Am J Trop Med Hyg [Internet]. 2020 [citado 20 Jun 2022];104(2):604-11. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7866336/pdf/tpmd200589.pdf
Hobson G, Adamson J, Adler H, Firth R, Gould S, Houlihan C, et al. Family cluster of three cases of monkeypox imported from Nigeria to the United Kingdom, May 2021. Euro Surveill [Internet]. 2020 [citado 20 Jun 2022];26(32):[aprox 8 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8365177/pdf/eurosurv-26-32-1.pdf
Mazur-Melewska K, Pieczonka-Ruszkowska I, Szpura K, Myszkowska-Torz A, Mania A, Kemnitz P, et al. Skin lesions caused by Orthopoxvirus in children. Postepy Dermatol Alergol [Internet] 2020 [citado 20 Jun 2022];37(5):695-99. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7675095/pdf/PDIA-37-36747.pdf
Rao AK, Schulte J, Chen TH, Hughes CM, Davidson W, Neff JM, et al. Monkeypox in a Traveler Returning from Nigeria - Dallas, Texas, July 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep [Internet]. 2022 [citado 20 Jun 2022];71(14):509-16. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8989376/pdf/mm7114a1.pdf
Diaz JH. The Disease Ecology, Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, Management, Prevention, and Control of Increasing Human Infections with Animal Orthopoxviruses. Wilderness Environ Med [Internet]. 2021 [citado 20 Jun 2022];32(4):528-36. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1080603221001575?via%3Dihub
Harapan H, Setiawan AM, Yufika A, Anwar S, Wahyuni S, Asrizal FW, et al. Knowledge of human monkeypox viral infection among general practitioners: a cross-sectional study in Indonesia. Pathog Glob Health [Internet]. 2020 [citado 20 Jun 2022];114(2):68-75. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7170312/pdf/YPGH_114_1743037.pdf
Harapan H, Wagner AL, Yufika A, Setiawan AM, Anwar S, Wahyuni S, et al. Acceptance and willingness to pay for a hypothetical vaccine against monkeypox viral infection among frontline physicians: A cross-sectional study in Indonesia. Vaccine. [Internet]. 2020 [citado 20 Jun 2022]; 38(43):6800-06. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X20310756?via%3Dihub
Hutson CL, Kondas AV, Mauldin MR, Doty JB, Grossi IM, Morgan CN, et al. Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of a Potential Smallpox Therapeutic, Brincidofovir, in a Lethal Monkeypox Virus Animal Model mSphere [Internet] 2021 [citado 25 may 2022];6(1):e00927-20. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7860987/pdf/mSphere.00927-20.pdf
Nguyen PY, Ajisegiri WS, Costantino V, Chughtai AA, MacIntyre CR. Reemergence of Human Monkeypox and Declining Population Immunity in the Context of Urbanization, Nigeria, 2017- 2020. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet] 2021 [citado 20 Jun 2022];27(4):1007-14. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8007331/pdf/20-3569.pdf
Park DB, Ahn BE, Son H, Lee YR, Kim YR, Jo SK, et al. Construction of a bivalent vaccine against anthrax and smallpox using the attenuated vaccinia virus KVAC103. BMC Microbiol [Internet] 2021 [citado 25 may 2022];21(1):76. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7938549/pdf/12866_2021_Article_2121.pdf
Russo AT, Berhanu A, Bigger CB, Prigge J, Silvera PM, Grosenbach DW, et al. Co-administration of tecovirimat and ACAM2000™ in non-human primates: Effect of tecovirimat treatment on ACAM2000 immunogenicity and efficacy versus lethal monkeypox virus challenge. Vacuna [Internet]. 2020 [citado 20 Jun 2022];38(3):644-54. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6954297/pdf/nihms-1542195.pdf