Nolasco-Quiroga M, Alfaro-Hernández L, Godínez-Aguilar R, Flores-García O, Juárez-Islas AP, Salas-Cuevas G, Olvera-Serrano Á, Palacio-Reyes C, Rosas-Díaz M

Language: Spanish
References: 13
Page: 17-24
PDF size: 1129.15 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was identified, which spread worldwide. In Mexico, epidemiological and experimental research has been limited. Given the economic, social, and ethnic diversity of the 32 Mexican states, it becomes crucial to analyze the behavior of the COVID-19 pandemic in the different states. Objective: to analyze the frequencies of positive cases and the lethality associated with COVID-19 in the different states of Mexico, to identify those states with the highest case fatality rates. Material and methods: for this study, the open database of the General Directorate of Epidemiology of Mexico was used, from March 2020 to September 2023. Positive cases diagnosed by PCR, antigens, clinical opinion or epidemiological association were analyzed. Case fatality rates were calculated at the national and state levels, and a hierarchical clustering analysis was performed. Results: from 2020 to September 2023, 6'338,991 positive cases and 326,261 deaths were registered nationwide (lethality rate of 5%). The monthly national case fatality rate at the beginning of 2020 was high at approximately 12%, gradually decreasing to 5%. Heterogeneity in lethality was observed among the two states of the Republic, with ranges from more than 20%. The cluster analysis identified states with low, medium and high lethality. No significant differences were found in most comorbidities between the lethality groups, although there were significant differences in ambulatory condition and hypertension. Conclusions: heterogeneity in the lethality of COVID-19 was observed among the states of Mexico. Outpatient status and prevalence of hypertension may have played a role in regional disparities, among other factors that were not analyzed in this study.

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