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2025, Number 3

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Rev Educ Bioquimica 2025; 44 (3)

La participación del calcio y las proteínas en la inducción de aneugénesis (chromosome missegregation) por la exposición a compuestos volátiles

Coutiño-Rodríguez ERM, Cortinas NC, Legator M, Arroyo-Helguera O

Language: Spanish
References: 50
Page: 150-168
PDF size: 662.27 Kb.


ABSTRACT

In the 1970s, the incidence of cancer increased and part of its etiology was associated with genetic anomalies linked to exposure to chemical compounds that are a product of energy, chemical, or agrochemical industrialization. This triggered interest in studying genetic alterations of chromosomal type or mutations in which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was the main target of mutagens and carcinogens, both in genetic and environmental toxicology studies. However, non-mutagenic compounds incapable of inducing mutations in microbial systems, like the Ames test, increased anaphase anomalies (AA) in eukaryotes, especially multipolar spindles and delayed chromosomes behaving as risk compounds for the induction of aneuploidies. Particularly, this refers to membrane-depolarizing volatile substances that cause Ca2+ movements related to the structural and functional activity of proteins, including those of the mitotic spindle and chromosomal proteins, which induce c-mitosis and micronuclei. Therefore, the proteins involved in the formation of the mitotic spindle from the plasma membrane play a very important role in the genotoxic induction of genetic alterations associated with aneugenesis. The objective of this review is to gather data that corroborates the involvement of proteins, the membrane, and Ca2+ in the induction of AA, and how they are linked to multipolar spindles, the molecular weight, and melting point of many volatile chemical compounds (pesticides) which are genotoxic, aneugenic, cancer-inducing, and are associated with environmental carcinogenesis.


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